June 12, 2012

The Music Department at Utah State University has joined the elite ranks of All-Steinway Schools in a campaign that has culminated with a gift from the Sorenson Legacy Foundation. With that gift and support of earlier donors, USU has recently acquired … Continue reading

May 7, 2012

Singer-songwriter Rufus Wainwright becomes newest Steinway Artist. The announcement coincides with the release of Wainwright’s new album, “Out of the Game”. In the words of Rufus Wainwright: “I grew up playing my grandmother’s 100 year old Steinway. That instrument is … Continue reading

October 28, 2011

Greg Anderson and Elizabeth Joy Roe release their debut album on the Steinway & Sons label, “When Words Fade”, featuring piano duo arrangements of songs by Vivaldi, Rachmaninoff, Schubert, Michael Jackson, Radiohead and Coldplay. The CD is engineered by multi-Grammy-winning … Continue reading

October 20, 2011

Southwestern Assemblies of God University (SAGU) in Waxahachie, Texas, holds a whole-day celebration of joining an exclusive group of only 135 prestigious colleges, universities, and conservatories worldwide that hold the title of All-Steinway School. SAGU is the first Assemblies of … Continue reading

June 9, 2011

25-year-old pop singer Lady Gaga donates her Steinway & Sons grand piano to Charitybuzz Auction, to be sold for the benefit of Ten O’Clock Classics, an organization that strives to provide classical music venues, outlets for up and coming classical artists … Continue reading

May 29, 2011

New York Times publishes a very favorable review by Allan Kozinn of the new album “Musica Callada” (“Silent Music”) of 28 aphoristic piano works by Catalonian composer Federico Mompou, recorded by pianist Jenny Lin for Steinway & Sons record label. … Continue reading

April 27, 2011

With the purchase of 13 Steinway & Sons pianos for its studios, practice rooms and performance venues, Pellissippi State Community College becomes an All-Steinway School – Tennessee’s first community college to earn this distinction.

December 23, 2010

The William Steinway Diary, on display at the Smithsonian Museum, becomes publicly accessible via an annotated online edition. The first installment of the web site includes Edwin M. Good’s complete transcription of the entire Diary alongside high-resolution scans of each … Continue reading

October 25, 2010

On the day of its 70th anniversary, the Conservatory of Music, Beijing, receives its All-Steinway School designation. The world-renowned conservatory now owns 127 Steinway & Sons grand pianos and 41 Boston grand pianos.

June 30, 2010

The Department of Music at the George Washington University receives an anonymous gift of 28 Steinway & Sons pianos, making the George Washington University a new All-Steinway School.

April 20, 2010

A Steinway Model D concert grand piano “takes flight” over Hamburg, Germany, hoisted by Europe’s tallest crane onto the roof of the 24 -story “Emporio” building. This adventure, closely coordinated between Steinway & Sons Hamburg, Union Investment, and the “Elbphilharmonie … Continue reading

April 2, 2010

Florida Gulf Coast University’s Bower School of Music has become the world’s 111th All-Steinway School, having bought 30 Steinway, Boston and Essex Pianos, including 2 concert grand pianos.

March 21, 2010

Steinway Artist and UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador Lang Lang, conductor Christoph Eschenbach and the Schleswig-Holstein Festival Orchestra come together at Carnegie Hall for a benefit concert, aiding UNICEF in their efforts to bring relief to the children surviving the devastating earthquake … Continue reading

January 11, 2010

High Point University has become the 110th educational institution in the world, and the first university in North Carolina to be designated an “All-Steinway School”, thanks to the delivery of 14 new Steinway & Sons pianos to the campus.

2009

Steinway & Sons introduces the Boston Performance Edition piano. Starting that year, all Steinway D Concert Grands are fitted with New York short legs and Hamburg large casters. The first piano fitted like that is Ebony Satin D #584808.

December 22, 2009

With the $1,230,000 purchase of 61 new Steinway & Sons pianos the University of Florida School of Music becomes an All-Steinway School and the owner of the largest collection of Steinway & Sons pianos in Florida.

December 3, 2009

A group of world-renowned performers join President Barack Obama in the 86th National Christmas Tree Lighting Ceremony. The group of performers includes Steinway Artist Brad Mehldau. All of the event’s performers who played piano or had piano accompaniment used a Steinway … Continue reading

August 31, 2009

With the delivery of 59 new Steinway & Sons pianos, Montclair State University’s John J. Cali School of Music has earned the distinction of being named an “All-Steinway School” by Steinway & Sons.

June 4, 2009

Robb Report magazine names Steinway Lyngdorf’s Grand Speaker System – Model LS “Best of the Best” for Home Audio in Robb Report’s 21st Annual Best of the Best issue.

May 22 – June 7, 2009

The Thirteenth Van Cliburn International Piano Competition, featuring Steinway & Sons pianos exclusively, is streamed live in its entirety at www.cliburn.tv. The Fort Worth, Texas competition features twenty-nine pianists vying for prizes valued at more than $1,000,000. Pianist and arts advocate … Continue reading

April 2009

The Juilliard School receives the delivery of twelve new Steinway & Sons pianos: eleven Model O grand pianos and one Model D concert grand piano. The new instruments have been purchased as part of the Juilliard / Lincoln Center Redevelopment … Continue reading

March 4 – April 5, 2009

Steinway & Sons has provided New Jersey’s Paper Mill Playhouse with a Steinway Grand piano for exhibition during performances at the Millburn theater of the production of Terrence McNally’s play “Master Class”, directed by Wendy C. Goldberg.

March 5-8, 2009

Steinway & Sons Piano Gallery, the company’s new retail location at 505 Walt Whitman Road in Melville, Long Island, NY, celebrates its grand opening with a series of special musical events.

January 14, 2009

Steinway & Sons launches the William E. Steinway Limited Edition piano at the company’s annual convention in Newport Beach, California. This is a reproduction of the Steinway Centennial Piano, which was first introduced in 1876 at the nation’s Centennial Exposition … Continue reading

2008

The world’s most expensive grand piano is built at Steinway & Sons factory in Hamburg, Germany, for €1,200,000. Conceived and commissioned by Chinese art collector and music lover, Guo Qingxiang, the piano has been created by Steinway & Sons in … Continue reading

December 1, 2008

The University of Victoria becomes Canada’s first All-Steinway School, after purchasing 60 new Steinway & Sons pianos and Steinway & Sons-designed Boston pianos from Tom Lee Music, Steinway & Sons authorized representative for British Columbia.

June 15, 2008

As reported on that day in a New York Times article by Cynthia Werthamer, the Conservatory of Music at Purchase College, New York, in its bid to become an All-Steinway School, has bought 42 Steinway & Sons pianos.

April 15, 2008

Steinway & Sons receives Belmont University’s School of Music Applause Award, the highest honor given by the school, presented to Steinway & Sons “for their international reputation for excellence in piano making.”

2007

Crane University of New York becomes an All-Steinway School with the purchase of 141 Steinway & Sons pianos, the largest purchase in the history of Steinway & Sons at the time. 98% of all pianists worldwide, performing with orchestras that … Continue reading

October 15, 2007

Noted philanthropist, Dr. Bobbie Bailey, donates 32 pianos designed by Steinway & Sons to Kennesaw State University (Georgia), in honor of her mother. Kennesaw State University thus becomes an All-Steinway School. The University Dean Joseph Meeks states, “To be an All-Steinway School … Continue reading

June 2007

Robb Report magazine, the international authority on the luxury lifestyle, names Steinway Lyngdorf’s flagship Model D Music System “Best of the Best” for Home Audio in Robb Report’s 19st Annual Best of the Best issue.

2006

Steinway & Sons factory in New York announces that the Model O will return to production, replacing the Model L. Steinway & Sons unveils the Henry Z. Steinway Limited Edition piano to commemorate the 91st birthday of Henry Z. Steinway … Continue reading

2004

Steinway & Sons buys back and refurbishes its Model D #51,257, the very first Model D Concert Grand piano (completed on January 31, 1884). The company re-registers the piano as CD-001, and includes it in the Concert & Artists Inventory. … Continue reading

2003

In honor of Steinway & Sons’ 150th Anniversary, the company creates two new Art Case pianos: Limited Edition 150th Anniversary (the recreation of the historic Ignacy Paderewski Steinway & Sons grand piano), and the S.L.ED, designed by Karl Lagerfeld, with … Continue reading

2002

The portrait of Arthur Rubinstein, at the time the latest addition to the Steinway Art Collection, is moved to Room #9, on the second floor in Steinway Hall. The room is renamed “The Arthur Rubinstein Room,” the first Sales room … Continue reading

May 2002

“Henry The Steinway”, a children’s book about a young piano student named Ana and her piano named Henry, is published. The book is written by Peter Goodrich, Steinway & Sons’ Vice President of Concert and Artists, and Sally Coveleskie, Steinway … Continue reading

2000

Celebrating the 300th anniversary of the invention of the piano, Steinway & Sons and furniture designer, Dakota Jackson, create the Tricentennial Limited Edition piano. This is the first time since the early 20th century that a 6-foot-2-inches Model A grand … Continue reading

October 2000

Steinway & Sons announces the introduction of the third line of pianos called the Essex, for the low-cost, entry-level market, designed by Steinway & Sons in collaboration with furniture designer William Faber, to be manufactured by the Korean piano manufacturer, Young … Continue reading

January 2000

Steinway & Sons announces the opening of the William Steinway University, an in-house Management and Sales Training Educational Wing of Steinway & Sons Management, to support and strengthen the sales and marketing of the Steinway Dealerships.

February 1, 2000

Steinway & Sons employees Marvin S. Jones, Peter M. Barna, William S. Youse, Anthony C. Arena, and Michael Mohr receive the United States patent #6,020,544, to “an underlever assembly having an underlever arm and an underlever support joining the underlever arm … Continue reading

1999

Steinway & Sons acquires Pianohaus Karl Lang of Munich (Germany’s largest piano dealership). After the purchase, the dealership is renamed “Steinway Hall Munich”. Steinway & Sons buys O.S. Kelly foundry, the largest manufacturer of piano plates in the United States.

June 8, 1999

Steinway & Sons employees William S. Youse, Marvin S. Jones, and Stephan Knupher receive the United States patent #5,911,167, to “a knuckle assembly for an escapement action of a piano”.

1998

Steinway & Sons buys Kluge, Europe’s largest manufacturer of piano keys, with which Steinway & Sons had been doing business for over a century. Steinway & Sons introduces “Steinway’s Rhapsody”, Limited Edition – a series of only 24 pianos (George … Continue reading

October 1997

“88 Keys, The Making of a Steinway Piano”, the book by Miles Chapin, is released. Miles Chapin is a fifth generation descendant of Steinway & Sons’ founder Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg, and a son of Elisabeth Steinway and Schuyler Chapin (Commissioner … Continue reading

1996

Steinway & Sons is named “Company of the Year” by The Music Trades. Steinway & Sons’ president Bruce Stevens, in the presence of the Rubinstein family, unveils the portrait of Steinway Artist, Arthur Rubinstein, created by New York Artist Jacob … Continue reading

April 30, 1996

Steinway & Sons employees Marvin S. Jones, Dirk Dickten, Gary M. Green, Paul Oleksy, Gregory R. Sims, Ludwig Tomescu, and Robert C. Berger receive the United States patent #5,511,454, to the “piano escapement action”.

April 23, 1996

Steinway & Sons employees Salvadore J. Calabrese, Henry A. Scarton, S. Frank Murray, Christopher M. Ettles, Warren C. Kennedy, Saim Dinc, Bessem Jlidi, and William Strong receive the United States patent #5,509,344, to the “Member With Synthetic Surface Replicating a … Continue reading

1995

“Steinway & Sons”, a book by Dr. Richard Lieberman, is released. The book is based on Steinway & Sons’ archive and Steinway family papers, held at LaGuardia Community College in New York, as well as on interviews with family members … Continue reading

May 28, 1995

New York Times music critic Edward Rothstein publishes an article titled “Made in U.S.A., Once Gloriously, Now Precariously”, once again expressing concern of the quality of modern Steinway & Sons pianos. The article, however, expresses more optimism: “struck by the … Continue reading

April 19, 1995

New York Times reports that Robert and John Birmingham have sold Steinway & Sons for $100,000,000 to Selmer Musical Instruments, maker of clarinets and saxophones, owned by Dana Messina and Kyle Kirkland, former investment bankers. The Birmingham brothers have sold … Continue reading

1994

Steinway & Sons sells 2,829 pianos (260 more than in the previous year). Steinway & Sons makes $125,000,000 in piano sales ($23,000,000 more than in the previous year). The Steinway Academy (a.k.a the C.F. Theodore Steinway School for Concert Technicians), the … Continue reading

1993

Steinway & Sons sells 2,569 pianos.] Steinway & Sons makes $102,000,000 in piano sales. Sanford G. Woodard leaves his position of general manager at Steinway & Sons.

Mid-1993

Steinway & Sons factory in Astoria works two weeks on / two weeks off, building less than 1,000 pianos per year. Steinway & Sons plant in Hamburg also manufactures fewer pianos, as a result of recession in Europe.

June 30, 1992

James M. Lombino (a Steinway & Sons employee) receives the United States patent #5,125,310, to “a method for forming a piano hammer in which the felt is impregnated with an acrylic copolymer”.

June 16, 1992

New York Times publishes a harsh response to the premiere of the three piano concertos, by music critic Bernard Holland, who lists the composers without much reverence: “Lalo Schifrin, a maker of background music for Hollywood thrillers, Rodion Shchedrin, a top … Continue reading

1991

Steinway & Sons hires a new head of Concert and Artists Department: Schuyler G. Chapin – a former dean of the Columbia University School of Arts, General Manager of Metropolitan Opera, and a husband of Elisabeth Steinway, Theodore E. Steinway’s … Continue reading

May 9, 1991

The Philadelphia Inquirer publishes an article by Michael Vitez, dedicated to Steinway & Sons’ recent soundboard problems. The article includes a photo of a cracked Steinway & Sons piano soundboard. In the article, Michael J. Yaeger, a piano dealer from Waterford, … Continue reading

March 27, 1991

Wall Street Journal publishes an article by Judith Valente, about recent Steinway & Sons challenges: “Sour Notes. In Clash Between Art and Efficiency, Did Steinway Pianos Lose? New Business-Minded Owners Modernized Production, Forced Out Old Managers. Firm Calls Criticism “Hokum”. … Continue reading

March 1991

Steinway & Sons announces that it will design a line of “mid-priced” pianos to be built by Kawai, the Japanese manufacturer, and sold by Steinway & Sons dealers.

January 1991

Steinway & Sons hires a new general manager, Sanford G. Woodard, a nuclear industry quality control expert with Master degree in Business Administration, and experience in strategic planning at General Electric. He has played accordion before, and began to take … Continue reading

April 28, 1990

“Steinway Repair–Warranty Units” document, marked with this date, indicates that of the 93 pianos brought back to Steinway & Sons’ Astoria factory for warranty work, 39 units suffer from soundboard problems.

1989

Steinway & Sons’ factory in Astoria outputs 10 pianos a day, or roughly 2,400 per year. The glass case at Steinway Hall, containing the Paris Exhibition award, along with several others, has been smashed, and the medals stolen, never to … Continue reading

May 1, 1989

In The New Republic magazine, music critic for the New York Times Edward Rothstein publishes a new article about Steinway & Sons, titled “Don’t Shoot the Piano”, where he again interviews Robert P. Birmingham: “It’s really different from selling oil; … Continue reading

February 1989

Steinway & Sons Vice President of Sales Frank Mazurko sends an inter-office memorandum to Bruce Stevens, regarding the increased number of warranty problems at Steinert’s (Steinway & Sons dealer in Boston since XIX century): “This particular dealer, who is our … Continue reading

1988

Steinway & Sons’ scrap and rework expenses decline by approximately 23%, compared to the previous year – but they are still 46% higher than in the last year of CBS ownership.  

August 1988

In an interview given to Keyboard magazine, Steinway & Sons’ president Bruce Stevens accuses Yamaha of “probably dumping pianos in America at less than they were sold in Japan. […] What they’re merchandizing is the damndest thing I’ve ever seen. … Continue reading

June 4, 1988

New York Times reporter Michael Kimmelman publishes an article about the Carnegie Hall concert, performed on the Steinway & Sons piano #500,000, and dedicated to the company’s 135th anniversary.

June 1988

Steinway Foundation is formed, with the purpose of commissioning new piano compositions for public performance, and, of course, popularizing Steinway & Sons pianos.

June 2, 1988

Steinway & Sons piano number #500,000 is presented during the gala concert at Carnegie Hall, held in celebration of Steinway & Sons’ 135th anniversary.  Prominent furniture designer Wendell Castle has designed the futuristic case of the 500,000th Steinway & Sons instrument. … Continue reading

1987

Striving to improve the quality of new Steinway & Sons pianos, Robert and John Birmingham and Bruce Stevens send the old Astoria factory manager to retirement. The new manager, Daniel T. Koenig, a former General Electric engineer, initiates the complete … Continue reading

1986

Steinway & Sons sells 1,858 American-built pianos, a 34% increase compared to the previous year, but below the company’s average sales figure during the CBS years. “Steinway & Sons 1986 Failure Costs” indicates the average of $184 of warranty expenses … Continue reading

June 7, 1983

Walter D. Drasche receives the United States patent #4,386,455, to the “bearings for piano action mechanism employing “permafree” bushing cloth and method of fabricating same”.

1982

New York branch of Steinway & Sons finally stops using Teflon bushings, after William T. Steinway and Walter Drasche invent the method for “impregnation of the felt cloth with a Teflon liquid which coated the fibers of the cloth, and … Continue reading

May 26, 1982

New York Times reports that Peter M. Perez is dismissed from the position of Steinway & Sons president, replaced by Lloyd Meyer, former president of Gulbransen piano and electric organ company.

1980

Steinway & Sons builds and sells a little over 3,000 pianos. Yamaha sells over 20,000 pianos only in the United States. Henry Z. Steinway, 65 years old, retires from the post of the Steinway & Sons chairman (the age of Henry … Continue reading

June 22, 1980

New York Times article by Harold Shonberg, published on that day, reports the new tendency among the most notable Steinway artists to avoid Astoria-built Steinway & Sons grand pianos. Virtuoso pianists Claudio Arrau, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Daniel Barenboim, Horacio Gutiérrez, Maurizio Pollini, … Continue reading

May 1977

Robert G. Campbell invites Henry Z. Steinway to his office in Chicago. During the meeting, Robert G. Campbell informs Henry Z. Steinway that he has been removed from the post of Steinway & Sons’ president: a CBS executive named Robert … Continue reading

1976

Steinway & Sons builds 5,442 pianos (the highest number since before the WWII, 21 pianos more than in 1966; notwithstanding the relationship problems between Steinway & Sons and CBS management). However, Steinway & Sons profit is 6% below the budget … Continue reading

August 22, 1975

Henry Z. Steinway, in his memorandum to Robert G. Campbell, hints that he’s ready to complain to CBS top management: “Let us not forget, as we do not, Chairman Paley’s injunction to put quality first”.

July 9, 1975

The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit reaches the conclusion of the 100-year-long case of Steinway & Sons versus Grotrian-Steinweg. Grotrian-Steinweg has been asserting that their brand pre-dates Steinway & Sons’ in Germany. Steinway & Sons has argued … Continue reading

1974

CBS decides to concentrate Steinway & Sons production and sales on the more profitable larger-size grand pianos, abandoning the smaller grand piano market to the competition. The average price of Yamaha piano is $1,730 – more than three times lower … Continue reading

Fall 1973

To dodge the American import tariff, Yamaha buys Everett piano factory in South Haven, Michigan, thus becoming an American piano manufacturer, and begins to build upright and grand pianos there under Everett and Yamaha names. 90% of Steinway & Sons … Continue reading

January 1973

Yamaha’s president formulates his company new goal: overtake Steinway. As a means to this objective, Yamaha begins to mass-produce copies of Steinway & Sons grand pianos, and sell them wherever possible, even in motorcycle dealerships in South America.

1972

CBS considers moving Steinway & Sons factory out of New York, in the words of Henry Z. Steinway, “down where they appreciate manufacturers” – and ultimately decides against it. Steinway & Sons net profit is $120,000.

May 1972

Henry Z. Steinway has a business lunch with Frank N. Stanton and William S. Paley, the president and CEO of CBS. (He will never have a chance to meet with his new bosses again.)

Early January, 1972

Henry Z. Steinway, Helmut Friedlaender and Henry Ziegler hold a meeting, during which they agree “to ask for 500,000 shares of CBS stock in a tax-free exchange for Steinway stock, valued at $23 million.”

1965 – 1972

At Steinway & Sons approximately 3,400 pianos remain on backorder every year. Taking advantage of Steinway & Sons backorder situation, Yamaha inundates American market with high-quality pianos, sold for half the price of similar Steinway & Sons instruments.

1971

Steinway & Sons’ capital in money and assets is estimated at $19,000,000. The company makes 3.6% profit and delivers 7% return on stockholder investment – not a very profitable business.

May 1971

Supported by Steinway & Sons Board of Directors, Henry Z. Steinway, initiates confidential formal inquiries regarding the possibility of selling Steinway & Sons.

Early 1971

Henry Z. Steinway hears Yamaha concert grand piano for the first time, while visiting the international trade show in Frankfurt, Germany. According to Henry Z. Steinway, Yamaha “had a shockingly good sound”.

1970

Steinway & Sons hires a large group of African-American and Hispanic workers, mostly the former employees of Janssen Piano Company, which had gone bankrupt in 1969. The majority of these workers have been hired as polishers and rubbers in the … Continue reading

July 1970

Helmut Friedlaender arranges a confidential private meeting in a downtown New York club between Henry Z. Steinway and managers of the Japanese piano manufacturing company Kawai – to discuss the possibility of selling Steinway & Sons to the Japanese business.

1969 – 1970

Henry Ziegler, Henry Z. Steinway’s cousin and the holder of 12.3% of Steinway & Sons’ shares, actively supports the idea of selling Steinway & Sons, taking the side of Helmut Friedlaender and William Rosenwald.

Mid-1940s – 1970

James Cerofeci serves as Steinway & Sons’ union leader. All through these decades, he is praised by Steinway & Sons workers and management alike – for his flexibility, communication skills and commitment to collaboration.

1960s

The 10% – 16% price increase doesn’t slow down Steinway & Sons piano sales. New Steinway & Sons pianos are bought by churches, hotels and schools. The American “baby boomers” grow up to become teenagers, whose obsession with rock music … Continue reading

1969

Steinway & Sons gross profit for that year is $314,000 ($583,955 less than the previous year’s net profit!) Paradoxically, the profit drops as the sales continue to grow. The company’s decrease in profitability is the consequence of 48% increase in … Continue reading

October 1969

In reaction to recent dramatic increase of piano import, Henry Z. Steinway initiates the attempt by the National Piano Manufacturers Association to persuade President Nixon to reinstate the 40% percent piano import tariff of the 1930. Henry Z. Steinway delivers … Continue reading

Summer 1969

Steinway News publishes the article about the United States President Richard Nixon presenting Steinway Artist Duke Ellington with presidential Medal of Freedom. In the same issue of the in-house quarterly there’s a story about Scott Newhall, the managing editor of … Continue reading

Late 1960s

Numerous Steinway & Sons workers, bound by the long-term union contract, either quit Steinway & Sons to open their own piano repair businesses, or find second jobs in small private piano shops. Old Steinway & Sons workers train the recently hired … Continue reading

1968

Steinway & Sons makes $14,300,000 in piano sales. Steinway & Sons’ net profit is $897,955. Beatrice Foods Company offers to buy Steinway & Sons for $21,000,000, but the offer is declined by Steinway & Sons management. Yamaha’s advertisements begin to … Continue reading

January 1968

That month’s issue of Japan Music Trades contains an article in which Genichi Kawakami pledges that Yamaha will “catch up with, and pass up, Steinway”. The same publication includes a full-page advertisement of Yamaha pianos, claiming the right to some … Continue reading

1967

Steinway & Sons piano builders work 6 days a week (Monday through Saturday), 8 hour a day – this is Steinway & Sons’ attempt to satisfy the demand and eliminate the backlog. Unfortunately, neither additional space, nor overtime solve the … Continue reading

1966

Steinway & Sons factory in Astoria builds 5,421 pianos – the biggest number since before the Great Depression. This record will only be exceeded in 1976. 1,959 of the total pianos built at Steinway & Sons are upright pianos – … Continue reading

Spring 1966

Henry Z. Steinway and the rest of Steinway & Sons management discover that Helmut Friedlaender, the financial advisor to the founder of American Securities Corporation William Rosenwald, has over a period of time secretly bought for Rosenwald 6,999 Steinway & … Continue reading

March 1966

In this month’s issue of Seiko, Yamaha’s in-house publication, Genichi Kawakami makes a bold announcement: “we have now succeeded in manufacturing a test model of what we believe will be the world’s finest concert grand piano”. Unbeknownst to Henry Z. … Continue reading

Spring 1965

Steinway News publishes the photo of Edward Kennedy “Duke” Ellington, the Steinway Artist, “before an enthusiastic audience of 1,600 people in the nave of Coventry’s new Cathedral”. This is the first time a portrait of a black Steinway Artist is … Continue reading

March 8, 1965

3,500 U.S. Marines are dispatched to South Vietnam. This event marks the beginning of the American ground war against Northern Vietnam (even though American military support had been provided to South Vietnamese government, and American military “advisors” have been active … Continue reading

1964

Henry Z. Steinway and Steinway & Sons workers union leader James Cerofeci sign a three-year union contract, giving the workers 10 cents per hour pay increase in the first year, no increase in the second year, and five cents per … Continue reading

September 23, 1964

In his letter to Board of Directors dated with this day, Edwin B. Orcutt reports that Steinway & Sons’ bank account contains approximately $1,000,000, and the equivalent amount exists in secure investments. Steinway & Sons is prospering.

January 31, 1964

Frederick Steinway resigns from Steinway & Sons, and launches an artists management firm together with Arthur Judson, his partner Ruth O’Neill, and former Boston Symphony Orchestra Press and Publicity manager Harry Beall. (After a while, Frederick Steinway will resign from that organization, … Continue reading

1963

Steinway & Sons share of the nation grand piano market is 28% (4% higher than in 1958), another indication of success of Henry Z. Steinway presidency. Steinway & Sons builds 1,650 upright pianos, 113 more than in 1961. Steinway & … Continue reading

June 21, 1963

Henry Z. Steinway requests and receives Steinway & Sons’ Board of Directors’ approval for $850,000 budget, allocated for creating the 44,000 additional square feet of rough milling and storage space.

1962

By the end of that year, all Steinway & Sons pianos manufactured in the United States use Permafree (Teflon) bushings. Steinway & Sons advertisement begin to mention maintenance-free pianos for any climate. (In reality, it’s precisely Teflon’s lack of response … Continue reading

May 11, 1962

During the meeting of Steinway & Sons Board of Directors, the Teflon bushings are mentioned for the first time by their Steinway & Sons brand name: “Permafree Bushings”.

Early 1960s

Judging by the Steinway & Sons warranty work expenses, the company is building better pianos than 15 years previously. Warranty expense, that had always been insignificant (less than 0.5% of revenue) has decreased to less than 0.25%. Unfortunately, the situation … Continue reading

1961

Even though approximately 60% of Steinway & Sons profit is spent on taxes and union-related payments, Steinway & Sons receives $23.71 per-piano dividend (six times as much as in the company’s centennial year). This is the indication that Henry Z. … Continue reading

May 18, 1961

Henry Z. Steinway, in his “Report on European Trip, Inter-House Matters, N.Y. Experiments”, mentions the (soon-to-be-infamous) Teflon bushings, invented by Theodore D. Steinway, for the first time. Using synthetic material Teflon instead of natural felt appears at first glance to offer … Continue reading

1901 – 1961

In the course of approximately sixty years, throughout the presidencies of nine American presidents – Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Woodrow Wilson, Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge, Herbert Hoover, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, and Dwight D. Eisenhower – … Continue reading

November 26, 1960

In a letter to the director of Steinway & Sons’ Hamburg branch Walter Günther, dated with this day, Yamaha’s business manager Akio Nagaoka offers that Yamaha should become Steinway & Sons dealer in Japan, to replace the current dealer, Mr. Matsuo, who sells Steinway & … Continue reading

June 1960

That month’s issue of Music Trades magazine contains an article, in which William Wallace Kimball, Jr., the president of W.W. Kimball & Company, and also the president of the National Piano Manufacturers Association, expresses his concern that non-American piano manufacturers, … Continue reading

May 18, 1960

In reaction to piano market trends, Steinway & Sons introduces a new inexpensive upright piano “Contemporary Vertical”, targeting poor families, interested in teaching their children to play piano. “Contemporary Vertical” proves to be a success, and will add 300 to … Continue reading

1959

Steinway & Sons builds and sells 2,205 pianos (1,035 grands and 1,170 uprights). Union leader James Cerofeci, motivated by instability of Steinway & Sons’ sales, persuades the workers to sign a two-year contract that includes only 1% increase in the … Continue reading

1958

Steinway & Sons builds and sells 1,936 pianos, almost 600 less than two years previously. Steinway & Sons’ net loss in America is $60,000 – however, with money coming now from Hamburg, Steinway & Sons makes profit internationally ($115,406 total), … Continue reading

May 20, 1958

New York City gives ticker-tape parade to Steinway Artist Van Cluburn, “the Texan who conquered Russia”. Van Cliburn instantly gains the “teenagers idol” status all through the United States.

Late April, 1958

Frederick Steinway, age 37, inherits the Concert and Artists department from the late Alexander Greiner. (Frederick will be instrumental in enlisting jazz pianists, such as Ahmad Jamal, as Steinway Artists.)

April 21, 1958

Steinway & Sons sells Steinway Building to Manhattan Life Insurance Company for $3,000,000 (approximately $100,000 above its market value); the basement, first floor and the mezzanine, however, are leased back to Steinway & Sons for twenty years. No real estate … Continue reading

April 20, 1958

Alexander Greiner, Steinway & Sons’ head of concert and artist department, dies in his office at Steinway Hall, a week after Van Cliburn wins the Tchaikovsky competition in Moscow.

Late 1957 – Early 1958

Alexander Greiner helps pianist Van Cliburn to receive a $1,000 grant from the Martha Baird Rockefeller Aid to Music program, and encourages him to go to Moscow and take part in the First International Tchaikowski Competition.

Late 1950s

Acting on Henry Z. Steinway’s orders, Frank Walsh and his two assistants begin to document the entire production process of Steinway & Sons. Observing every worker, they write down detailed descriptions of every operation, and make drawings of every item in the … Continue reading

1957

Another one of Steinway & Sons’ remaining two Ditmars avenue factory buildings is sold. In addition to his advertising duties, John H. Steinway begins to serve regularly as the secretary at Steinway & Sons’ Board of Directors meetings. Henry Z. … Continue reading

December 1957

Approximately 400 guests meet at the testimonial dinner to honor James Cerofeci, Steinway & Sons’ 51-year-old union leader. Robert F. Wagner, New York’s mayor, is among the officials who have sent their congratulations.

1956

Steinway & Sons in the United States builds 2,535 pianos. Steinway & Sons’ makes sales are $4,901,000 (almost $400,000 more than the previous year). Steinway & Sons pianos are used in 905 concerts in New York City during this year. … Continue reading

April 2, 1956

Henry Z. Steinway reports to Steinway & Sons stockholders that the company’s piano sales have increased by more than $500,000, making it profitable again. Henry Z. Steinway also requests the stockholders’ approval for allocating $1,300,000 budget, to add 200,000 square feet to … Continue reading

1955

Steinway & Sons makes $4,530,000 in sales. Steinway & Sons’ net profit is $90,788. Steinway & Sons’ Hamburg plant recovers to the production / sales level, equal to that of 1930. Vladimir Horowitz begins to record his new repertoire at … Continue reading

Fall 1955

Henry Z. Steinway, the newly appointed Steinway & Sons president, requests and receives the Board of Directors’ approval for the additional funds to build a covered wood storage area next to Steinway & Sons’ open lumberyard. (That building is currently … Continue reading

1954

Steinway & Sons workers are on the week on / week off schedule (with the exception of the five weeks during the summer when the factory is closed completely). The company is in crisis, notwithstanding the American economic boom of … Continue reading

1953

Steinway & Sons American factory builds 2,236 pianos. Steinway & Sons’ net loss is $17,977: the company is at its lowest point since the Great Depression. Steinway & Sons is forced to borrow $600,000 from a bank, to cover business expenses. Steinway … Continue reading

October 18, 1953

Ed Sullivan, host of the CBS TV show “Toast of the Town”, broadcasts a dress rehearsal of a portion of Steinway’s centennial concert, featuring Chopin’s Polonaise in A major, performed by ten pianists: Ethel Bartlett, Alexander Brailowsky, Sidney Foster, Gaby Casadesus, Moura Lympany, … Continue reading

Fall 1953

Steinway & Sons drivers, all members of the local Teamster Union, go on strike, making it impossible to deliver Steinway & Sons pianos to Carnegie Hall for the Centennial concert.

1952

Steinway & Sons net profit is $54,275. Steinway & Sons factory in Hamburg builds 847 pianos. At Theodore E. Steinway initiative, Steinway & Sons begins to put together a year-long worldwide program for the following year, in commemoration of Steinway & … Continue reading

March 1, 1951

Steinway & Sons sells Ditmars no. 3 factory building to Alstores Realty Corporation, an affiliate of Sterns Department Store, for $725,000. With this money Steinway & Sons pays off its last $750,000 in bank loans.

July 17, 1950

According to inter-office memo sent by Theodore D. “Teed” Steinway on that day, several representatives of Yamaha music instruments factory have visited Steinway & Sons, and expressed interest in selling Steinway & Sons pianos in Japan. Steinway & Sons rejects … Continue reading

June 15, 1950

Henry Z. Steinway’s memorandum to Steinway & Sons’ Board of Directors includes the proposal for “factory consolidation” (concentrating the piano production in smaller space, and liquidating the unnecessary factories), and also possible alternatives: “to abandon our current quality standards and enter … Continue reading

1949

Steinway & Sons in America builds and sells 2,541 pianos. Steinway & Sons’ net profit is $154,979 profit. Steinway & Sons’ Hamburg factory builds 209 pianos. Steinway & Sons is the first piano manufacturer in Germany to resume business, which … Continue reading

1948

Steinway & Sons in America builds and sells 3,765 pianos. Steinway & Sons’ net profit is $434,943. Steinway & Sons’ Hamburg factory builds 29 pianos. Steinway & Sons store in Berlin re-opens, and its business is booming: the demand for … Continue reading

1947

Steinway & Sons sells over 3,000 pianos. Steinway & Sons net profit is $528,790 (a grandiose improvement, compared to all previous years under Theodore E. Steinway as company president). Steinway & Sons sells the last of William Steinway’s undeveloped land … Continue reading

1946

Steinway & Sons net profit is $233,112. Male workers having returned from the war, only 13 women remain working at Steinway & Sons. US Army Major Theodore D. “Teed” Steinway comes back from Philippines, and immediately sets out on a trip … Continue reading

1941 – 1946

All four of Theodore E. Steinway’s sons serve in the military. Theodore D. “Teed” Steinway is on general Douglas MacArthur’s intelligence staff in South Pacific (stationed sequentially in New Zealand, Australia, the Philippines), Henry Z. Steinway is serving on counterintelligence … Continue reading

1945

Steinway & Sons in New York builds 1,451 pianos: 758 uprights and 693 grands. The United Piano Workers Union demands a new wage increase. Steinway & Sons management reminds the union leaders that the workers have received the unprecedented 22.5% … Continue reading

May 28, 1945

First record of problems with bushings made of low grade felt, resulting in decreased quality of piano action, and growth of the production cost. The foreman of the action department Walter Drasche orders his department closed, until he can figure out what’s … Continue reading

May 8, 1945

Hamburg surrenders without a fight to the Allied forces. As soon as the armistice has been declared, several Steinway & Sons employees begin to serve as translators for the British military.

May 4, 1945

Paul Kuehne, Steinway & Sons’ Concert and Artists manager in Berlin, and his wife, run across Berlin to check if Steinway & Sons stores are intact. After being captured, questioned and soon released by Russians, Paul Kuehne and his wife find Steinway … Continue reading

1941 – 1945

During the war years, Steinway & Sons in the United States has sold approximately 5,000 pianos. About 50% of them go to the United States Armed Forces, and the rest, to the “approved essencial users”: religious organizations, educational institutions, hotels … Continue reading

1944

Steinway & Sons’ net loss is almost $500,000 – the biggest loss since 1933. The American branch of Steinway & Sons builds 957 upright pianos, and 462 grands. Steinway & Sons in America employs fewer than 500 people. Looking for … Continue reading

December 1944

Casket production is cancelled as unprofitable: Steinway & Sons has lost money on every casket it has made. Steinway & Sons has only enough money to support seven more weeks of work.

April 1944

Even though Theodore E. Steinway have been previously informed that CG-4A project is over, Steinway & Sons receives a third subcontract with General Aircraft Corporation, for 513 more gliders. The program, however, will be suspended within two months. (See the … Continue reading

Fall 1943

The management of General Aircraft Corporation informs Theodore E. Steinway that the glider project will soon be closed. Steinway & Sons has to find another way to remain in business, and in the meantime “stretch out the glider program until … Continue reading

June 16, 1943

Steinway & Sons receives the contract with the War Production Board to build 405 Victory Verticals (also known as ODGI – “Olive Drab Government Issue” field piano) – the military versions of the 40-inch Pianino, with no legs, celluloid keys, and soft iron … Continue reading

1942

Steinway & Sons net loss is over $150,000. Steinway & Sons builds and sells 1,454 upright pianos and 1,411 grands. Over 1,100 Steinway & Sons workers in two shifts build glider components. Steinway & Sons letterhead now includes the slogan “Wings for … Continue reading

December 29, 1942

A letter from Steinway Pianofabrik, addressed to Nazi government on that day, requests reimbursement for two company-owned grand pianos, damaged during German bombing of Warsaw. The letter is signed: “Heil Hitler! Steinway & Sons”.

July 15, 1942

Steinway & Sons’ Board of Directors considers buying “some well-known piano name as a second line for Steinway” (specifically, Vose & Sons, a small but respected Boston piano company) – and rejects the idea.

July 2, 1942

New York Times reports that the War Production Board has upgraded the restrictions on using “critical materials” – now non-military use of such materials is completely banned. Wood and metals may be used neither for building new pianos, nor for repairing … Continue reading

Spring 1942

Steinway & Sons workers quickly package the unfinished pianos and piano parts and store them in the factory basements, and Steinway & Sons becomes an aircraft-building company. General Aircraft Corporation rents one of Steinway & Sons Ditmars factory buildings, to … Continue reading

April 6, 1942

(or, by another account, August 18, 1942) – Steinway & Sons’ signs its first subcontract with Astoria-based General Aircraft Corporation, for $500,000, to build tails and wings for military transport gliders Waco CG-4A (“CG” stands for “combat glider”). This and the … Continue reading

March 20, 1942

New York Times reports a celebration held in Steinway Hall, given by Mr. and Mrs. Theodore E. Steinway, honoring the centennial of the New York Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra. Leopold Stokowski, Bruno Walter, Walter Damrosch, Fritz Kreisler and the entire orchestra … Continue reading

March 4, 1942

The National Piano Manufacturers Association states that due to the government-imposed restriction on the use of materials, the entire piano industry in the United States has been reduced to using 1/8 of its material source, compared to 1940.   

March 2, 1942

The United States government imposes wartime restrictions on the use of wood and metal, rendering the serial manufacture of such materials-consuming musical instruments as pianos practically impossible.

1941

Steinway & Sons in New York builds and sells 5,601 pianos (of which number 3,406 are upright pianos, and 2,195 are grands). This is the highest number since 1926, and also Steinway & Sons’ all-time highest number of upright pianos. Steinway & … Continue reading

October 11, 1941

Theodore Cassebeer dies of stomach cancer, at the age of 52. (It’s likely that the stress of being away from the job to which he gave all his life contributed to his illness and early death.)

July 16, 1941

Steinway & Sons Minutes of Board of Directors indicate that Justus Duane Anderson, Jr. takes charge as the new factory manager, by recommendation from the Robert Heller Associates. Anderson is not a professional pianomaker, but a factory production expert.

May 1941

Steinway & Sons hires the chief financial officer Stuart B. Miller, who will try (and fail) to modernize the company’s accounting. A year later he will be replaced by Edwin B. Orcutt.

April 23

Theodore E. Steinway appoints Thomas R. Harris as the manager of Steinway and Sons. He will stay in this role less than three months. (See the July 16 entry.)

April – May, 1941

Steinway & Sons’ oldest employees are forced to retire: Albert Sturcke, a multilingual stenographer hired by William Steinway in 1889 (52 years with Steinway & Sons); Frederick Reidemeister, the company’s accountant, close friend of Frederick Steinway (48 years with Steinway & Sons); Hermann … Continue reading

April 18, 1941

Robert Heller Associates’ efficiency experts, headed by Dudley P. Felt, release their final report, containing numerous recommendations for improvement of Steinway & Sons management and technological process. According to the report, Steinway & Sons should retire all the employees over the age … Continue reading

March 12, 1941

Frederick A. Vietor, a great-grandson of Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg, is appointed the general manager of Steinway & Sons. (This appointment is probably Theodore E. Steinway’s way of keeping his cousin’s spirits up: instead of managing the company, Vietor is being hospitalized … Continue reading

March 4, 1941

Paul Bilhuber becomes a temporary factory manager, due to Frederick A. Vietor’s illness. He will be replaced in this capacity by Thomas Harris on April 23. (See the corresponding entry.)

February 21, 1941

Paul Bilhuber writes a memorandum to Steinway & Sons management, trying to defend Steinway & Sons’ traditional methods against Robert Heller’s efficiency experts – as a preventive move, before their final report is released. He criticizes their advice to replace high-grade wood … Continue reading

1940

Steinway & Sons in New York builds and sells 3,924 pianos: 2,231 uprights and 1,693 grands. By this year, Model S baby grand piano costs $1,035 in mahogany, $1,060 in walnut and $985 in ebony. Steinway & Sons net loss is $39,903.

Late 1940

Frederick A. Vietor persuades Theodore E. Steinway to hire a certified public accounting firm, Haskins & Sells, to inspect the company’s books and discover all the causes for all unnecessary losses. Haskins & Sells employee Karl Herrhammer, Vietor’s former cavalry comrade, … Continue reading

Late 1930s

Theodore E. Steinway and his brother William R. Steinway consider establishing a separate German Steinway company, to placate Hitler administration and acquire additional tax advantages. Steinway Pianofabrik in Hamburg builds 1,000 – 1,5000 pianos every year, approximately 30% of Steinway … Continue reading

1939

Steinway & Sons’ net loss is $201,225. Theodore E. Steinway mortgages Steinway Hall for $900,000, to obtain the money needed for keeping Steinway & Sons in business. Steinway & Sons makes $2,185,072 in piano sales. Steinway & Sons introduces the … Continue reading

Fall 1939

Theodore E. Steinway, concerned for his brother William’s safety, orders him to return to America. William R. Steinway complies: he and his wife Marie arrive to New York from Hamburg and move into a two-room apartment on Columbus Circle. They … Continue reading

May 25, 1939

Ignace Ian Paderewski suffers a minor heart attack in his dressing room just before another Madison Square Garden recital of the same season; this performance is again cancelled, and so are the remaining concerts of his American tour: in Cleveland, … Continue reading

March 7, 1939

Eric Gugler receives the United States patent “Des. 113,628”, to the “design for the White House piano case”, “Des.113,629”, to the “design for the White House piano lyre”, “Des. 113,630” to the “design for the White House piano leg”, “Des. … Continue reading

February 26, 1939

Ignacy Jan Paderewski, age 78, on his twentieth and final tour of America, is scheduled to play a recital at Madison Square Garden for the benefits of the Musicians’ Emergency Fund. The concert is cancelled: the maestro is too feeble to play.

1938

Steinway & Sons builds and sells 2,588 pianos. Steinway & Sons makes $1,578,754 in piano sales. Steinway & Sons’ net loss is $356,174. Paul Bilhuber and Frank H. Walsh (a draftsman and foreman at Astoria factory whose background includes working … Continue reading

October 1938

Steinway & Sons introduces the Model K upright piano, a 45″-tall, 57.5″ wide and 25″ deep “micro-Steinway”, originally designed by Henry L. Ziegler at the turn of the century. Steinway & Sons hasn’t mass-built upright pianos for many years, and … Continue reading

August, 1938

This month’s issue of “S&S Mitteilungen”, Steinway & Sons’ company publication in Hamburg, contains a photograph of Adolph Hitler arriving at the Bayreuth festival.

January 16, 1938

Benny Goodman orchestra plays to “standing room only” crowd at Carnegie Hall. This famous event marks the increasing interest to live music, thanks to big band and swing performers, including, in addition to Benny Goodman orchestra, also the bands of Count Basie, Duke … Continue reading

1937–1938

The Hammond organ, sold through Steinway & Sons dealers nationwide, being an affordable musical novelty, pulls the prospective buyers away from Steinway & Sons’ Model S, undermining its sales.

1937

Steinway & Sons’ profit is $26,059. Steinway & Sons sales: $2,248,508. Henry Ziegler Steinway, Theodore E. Steinway’s second son, joins the company. Steinway & Sons workers form a factory-wide union, “Piano Workers Organization”, an independent entity, with no connection to any … Continue reading

June 1937

President Franklin D. Roosevelt, confident that the New Deal has worked and that the economy is ready to stand on its own, cuts spending and increases taxation in an attempt to balance the federal budget. The economy immediately collapses again. President Roosevelt … Continue reading

1936

Steinway & Sons builds and sells 3,620 pianos, 2,100 of them are Model S. Steinway & Sons makes $2,633,232 in piano sales. Steinway & Sons’ net profit is $68,713 (the company is not losing money for the first time in five years). Steinway … Continue reading

December 25, 1936

Theodore E. Steinway presents all Steinway & Sons employees with a Christmas bonus, and announces the 10% wage increase for workers, starting January 1, 1937. This measure, taken in order to de-emphasize Frederick Vietor’ unpopular 10% wage decrease for Model S builders, … Continue reading

1935

Steinway & Sons net loss is $303,000. Steinway & Sons makes $1,195,335 in piano sales. Steinway & Sons builds 1,367 pianos, of which only 1 is upright. Steinway & Sons pays N.W. Ayer & Son advertising agency $130,000 to develop a new … Continue reading

Fall 1935

Steinway & Sons’ Model S baby grand piano is ready for distribution, but Steinway & Sons keeps the existence of the new model secret until the dealer convention scheduled for January 6, 1936.

July 1935

The beginning of the Federal Music Project, as a part of the Federal Government of the United States’ New Deal program, initiated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Local YMCA and YWCA, financed by the Federal Music Project, begin to offer free piano … Continue reading

July 5, 1935

The United States Congress and President Franklin D. Roosevelt enact the National Labor Relations Act, giving unions new power in negotiating with employers, by limiting employers’ possible reaction to strikes. (This will have profound effect on relationship between Steinway & Sons … Continue reading

May 1935

Steinway & Sons begins building the first series of Model S, 5’1” baby grand pianos. Model S, initially designed by Henry L. Ziegler in 1924, has been further developed by Paul Bilhuber, assisted by draftsman Frank H. Walsh, and, for the … Continue reading

1934

Steinway & Sons’ net loss is $389,238 (or, by another account, $397,000). Further reduction in Steinway & Sons piano prices; Model D grand pianos that sold for $1,700  now cost $1,300 (a 24% decrease). Total advertising budget of Steinway is $59,565. … Continue reading

December 1934

Fortune magazine publishes the article “Here Are the Steinways and How they Grew”. (Among its many topics, the article includes the story of Mrs. Southworth’s search for a piano, containing useful information on the cracked soundboard problem that will plague … Continue reading

April 24, 1934

Laurens Hammond, the inventor of the automatic transmission for automobiles and the 3-D cinema, receives the United States patent #1,956,350, to the “Electrical Musical Instrument”. The instrument, to be known as “Hammond Organ”, will soon be bought by every Steinway … Continue reading

1933

Steinway & Sons’ loss is $570,000. The company’s trustees calculate that if Steinway & Sons fonds continue to be depleted at a current rate, in 2 years the company will go out of business. Steinway & Sons makes less than $23,699 in piano … Continue reading

December 26, 1933

Stanley Weber (a Steinway & Sons’ employee) receives the United States patent #1,941,423, to the “Method of Heat Treating Piano String Frames; method of electrically heat treating plate”.

June 16, 1933

President Franklin D. Roosevelt makes his “Statement on the National Industrial Recovery Act”, marking the beginning of the NRA (National Recovery Administration) – a program to aid economic recovery by establishing fair pricing, production, sales and labor practices on an industry-by-industry basis. … Continue reading

1932

Steinway & Sons in New York builds 900 pianos (888 grands and 12 uprights) – 85% decrease, compared to 1926. Hamburg Steinway Pianofabrik builds 216 pianos – 92% decrease, compared to 1926. This is Steinway & Sons’ lowest point during … Continue reading

1930

Steinway & Sons’ sales plummet to 2,423 pianos, less than 50% compared to 1929. The retail price for a new Steinway  & Sons Model D grand piano is $3,000. Trying to boost sales, Theodore E. Steinway makes a risky decision … Continue reading

1929

Steinway & Sons’ net profit is $602,000. Steinway & Sons gross sales are $5,000,000. Steinway & Sons makes $64,304 in piano rentals. Steinway & Sons’ advertising expenses reach almost $107 per piano, over 10% of the average selling price. Alexander Greiner … Continue reading

1928

Alexander “Sasha” Greiner becomes the head of Concert and Artists department at Steinway & Sons, after Ernest Urchs. Steinway & Sons’ net profit is $759,000. Steinway & Sons’ Hamburg factory builds 2,602 pianos, making the profit of $38,76 per piano. … Continue reading

February 21, 1928

New York Times critic Olin Downes, describing Vladimir Horowitz’s solo recital, writes that Horowitz promises “to become, as he ripens, one of the greatest figures among the pianists of the day.”

January 12, 1928

Vladimir Horowitz’s New York debut at Carnegie Hall, with New York Philharmonic Orchestra, conducted by Sir Thomas Beecham, who is also making his American debut. Some of the world’s greatest pianists are in the audience: Sergei Rachmaninoff, Moritz Rosenthal, Josef Lhevinne, Mischa … Continue reading

January 9, 1928

Vladimir Horowitz arrives to New York for his first, 30-concert, American tour. Advertisements for Steinway & Sons piano, “Instrument of the Immortals”, featuring Vladimir Horowitz’s endorsement, appear in the press on the same day.

1927

Steinway & Sons’ net profit is $646,000. Steinway & Sons’ real estate profit made since 1921 until this year is about $750,000 – over 200% of the profit made by Steinway & Sons from piano sales in Europe through the same period. … Continue reading

July 25, 1927

Theodore E. Steinway, age 44, William Steinway’s youngest son, becomes the president of Steinway & Sons, against his will. Facing the prospect of being elected president, Theodore E. Steinway implores his 70-year-old cousin and mentor Henry L. Ziegler to take … Continue reading

April 4, 1927

During the annual Steinway & Sons’ stockholders meeting, Frederick T. Steinway announces the all-time sales record of the previous year, and then immediately warns of the signs of the economic trouble ahead: “Since the beginning of November […] reports which … Continue reading

January 18, 1927

Pianist Josef Hofmann receives the United States patent #1,614,984, to a “device for recording the actual pianistic touch on music records automatically during their production” (the improvement of the player piano recording device). In the course of the next five … Continue reading

1926

Steinway & Sons factory in America builds 6,294 pianos: 6,081 grands and 213 uprights. This constitutes 53% increase compared to 1921. During 6 years of Frederick T. Steinway presidency, Steinway & Sons has added roughly 2,000 units to its yearly … Continue reading

August 6, 1926

Alan Crosland’s motion picture “Don Juan”, starring Theodore E. Steinway’s actor friend John Barrimore, premieres in New York, at the Warner Theater on 52nd and Broadway on Times Square. This is the first feature-length sound film, created with synchronized Vitaphone sound effects … Continue reading

April 5, 1926

During the annual stockholders meeting, Frederick T. Steinway recommends that notwithstanding the large earnings from the previous year, the stockholders deposit large percentage of their earnings to the Steinway & Sons surplus account. $812,000 is deposited to the surplus account … Continue reading

Spring 1926

Arthur Judson, famous orchestra and artists manager, and the second largest stockholder of Columbia Broadcasting Systems, sails to Paris to meet Vladimir Horowitz, and becomes his exclusive manager. He immediately arranges a 30-concert United States tour for Horowitz, to begin … Continue reading

January 2, 1926

Vladimir Horowitz’s debut concert in Berlin is not a success: there’s almost no audience. However, the piano manufacturers, including Bechstein, Blüthner, Bösendorfer and Weber, aware of the great potential of the 22-year-old pianist, begin to besiege Horowitz, trying to persuade him to endorse … Continue reading

1925

Steinway & Sons builds and sells 8,141 pianos. Steinway & Sons employes 2,300 workers: 800 more than only two years ago. Steinway & Sons makes $5.8 million in American piano sales, more then twice, compared to 1919. The total Steinway & … Continue reading

October 27, 1925

The first inauguratory concert at the new Steinway Hall. Dutch maestro Willem Mengelberg conducts “Steinway String Orchestra”, consisting of thirty five musicians from the New York Philharmonic. Baritone Frazer Gange and pianist Josef Hofmann perform. Mr. Charles Pike Sawyer recalls from the stage … Continue reading

1924

Steinway & Sons builds and sells 7,420 pianos. Steinway & Sons net profit is $1,081,000. Construction of the new Steinway Hall begins. Julliard becomes an All-Steinway School.

October 15, 1924

Steinway & Sons sells the old Steinway Hall to Samuel Klein for $475,000. (The new owner demolishes the old building, and erects a department store. That store will give way to a new condominium only by the end of 1980s.)

1923

1,500 Steinway & Sons workers build 7,217 pianos. Over 50% of all the pianos sold in America are “player pianos”, manufactured by competing Aeolian, Welte & Sohne, and the American Piano Company (Ampico). Prominent concert pianists, including Ignacy Jan Paderewski, … Continue reading

October 20, 1922

Frederick T. Steinway and Henry L. Ziegler announce during board meeting that the new grand piano, 5 feet, 10 1/2 inches Model L, will replace the Model O, Frederick T. Steinway’s least favorite piano. The new Model L will be manufactured both in mahogany and … Continue reading

1921

Steinway & Sons in America builds 4,120 pianos, making the net profit of $361,000. Elbert Hubbard’s “The Story of the Steinways”, the first ever book about Steinway family, prints posthumously, six years after the author’s death.

October 14, 1921

William R. Steinway marries Marie Kiesler. Frederick T. Steinway warns his cousin, “Well, that’s it. You’ll never be president of Steinway.” The newlywed responds, “The hell with it.”

1920

Steinway & Sons’ net profit is $588,000. Arthur von Holwede, the tuner that was brought to America by Theodor Steinweg in 1865, Steinway & Sons’ former chief piano tuner, and later Hamburg’s Steinway Pianofabrik head of manufacturing, retires. Steinway & … Continue reading

1920s

Theodore Cassebeer, Steinway & Sons factory manager and the grandson of Doretta Steinweg, develops the method of bending inner and outer piano rims simultaneously, perfecting the technique of separate inner and outer rim bending, invented by C.F. Theodor Steinweg in 1878. Theodore … Continue reading

1919

Flu epidemic in New York kills thousands. It’s the deadliest natural disaster in New York since cholera epidemic in XIX century. Steinway & Sons makes approximately $2,700,000 in the United States piano sales. (In the course of the next 6 … Continue reading

October 30, 1919

Charles H. Steinway, the man who has saved Steinway & Sons, dies of “intestinal trouble” (possibly complications from Spanish flu), at the age of 62, alone in his Sherman Square Hotel suite on Fifth Avenue.

Fall 1919

The strike of the International Piano, Organ and Instrument Workers Union has spread citywide. Roughly 10,000 piano builders are out of work. New York Pianomaker Association forms again, to counter the strike and the union. Frederick Steinway and his cousin … Continue reading

April 21, 1919

The Minutes of the Board of Trustees of Steinway & Sons record a letter from Steinway employees to Steinway & Sons management: “Gentlemen: In accordance with the present living condition, soaring rents and necessities of life which are accomplished by non-patriots, who … Continue reading

1918

Steinway’s net profit: $128,000. The beginning of the Spanish flu pandemic that will last until 1920, and will kill, by different estimates, $50,000,000 to $100,000,000 people in the world (3% to 6% of the world’s human population). In 1919, the … Continue reading

1914 – 1918

Having refused to leave his girlfriend Marie Kiesler, or “Mariechen”, as he calls her, William R. “Billy” Steinway stays with her throughout the war – not in Hamburg, as should have been probably expected from Steinway & Sons’ general manager in … Continue reading

1917

After the United States enter the war, the export of funds becomes forbidden, and Steinway & Sons can no longer provide support to its struggling European branch. Nor can the company retrieve money from Germany: over $1,000,000 invested in the … Continue reading

February, 1917

Charles H. Steinway succeeds in establishing radio communication with Steinway Pianofabrik in Hamburg – after long months of having virtually no contact with the German branch. He learns from the radio report, that Steinway Pianofabrik has built 1,346 pianos in … Continue reading

1916

Steinway & Sons business in America recovers: the war has brought prosperity. The gross profit from Steinway & Sons sales in the United States is over $1,100,000. Steinway & Sons has manufactured 6,561 pianos this year, the highest number of … Continue reading

1915

The loss of Steinway Pianofabrik in Hamburg is $38,000, and the piano production there has fallen to 551 units, a 50% decline compared to the previous year. Notwithstanding the losses of Hamburg factory, Steinway & Sons’ net profit is $609,000. Henry Ziegler Steinway, … Continue reading

1914

Steinway & Sons’ net profit drops from half a million dollars on the previous year to $240,000. Stressed by what he perceives as his personal failure to maintain the company’s increasing prosperity, Charles H. Steinway falls ill. (Because of the … Continue reading

1912

Steinway & Sons introduces the Model M, a 5-feet 6-inches grand piano, designed by Henry L. Ziegler. 900 Model M pianos are sold within one year, for $750 each. (Model M grand piano will be Steinway & Sons bestselling product through the … Continue reading

April 15, 1912

RMS Titanic sinks during its maiden voyage, southeast of Cape Race, Newfoundland. Five Steinway & Sons pianos share the fate of the ship: two Model R upright pianos, two Model K uprights, and a Model B Drawing Room Grand.

1911

Steinway & Sons in New York sells 2,444 pianos, and Hamburg Steinway Pianofabrik sells 2,338 – almost 150% increase compared to 1899. Steinway & Sons adds three new stories to its Ditmars Avenue factory.

1910

The sale of Park Avenue factory is completed, and all Steinway & Sons piano manufacturing moves to Astoria. Steinway & Sons puts almost $200,000 into its “Sinking fund”, $360,000 into “Undivided Profit”, and yet $450,000 remain in net profit. By the … Continue reading

1909

Steinway & Sons builds 3,700 pianos – the company’s piano production has grown simultaneously with the growth of the United States economy. Charles H. Steinway sends his employee Theodore Ehrlich to Hamburg, to facilitate the resolution of an ongoing strike, … Continue reading

June 12, 1909

Queensboro Bridge opens, connecting Manhattan and Queens over the Blackwell Island (nowadays known as Roosevelt Island) – almost exactly the way it was envisioned by William Steinway in 1870s.

1908

Ignacy Jan Paderewski, who now plays Weber pianos, is increasingly often criticized and even ridiculed by music critics in newspapers and magazines. Steinway & Sons formerly powerful competitors “Chickering & Sons” and “Knabe” have been absorbed by American Piano Company, … Continue reading

1907

William Richard Steinway, age 26, the eldest son of William Steinway Sr. by second marriage, together with Ernest Urchs, the company’s wholesale genius, sets out on a ten-week road trip through North America. Their mission is to boost Steinway & Sons’ North American sales. … Continue reading

1906

A new conflict between Ignacy Jan Paderewski and Charles H. Steinway leads to parting of the ways. Paderewski sends Charles H. Steinway a telegram, requesting different instruments, and rejecting the ones shipped to him by Steinway & Sons as “not … Continue reading

1905

Steinway & Sons makes $400,000 net profit, the same as in 1904. Roughly 50% of the profit comes not from the United States piano sales: $70,000 from Hamburg, $69,000 from the sale of Long Island real estate, $32,000 from London, and another … Continue reading

1904

Steinway & Sons introduces a new upright piano, model K Vertegrand, sold for $500.  Steinway & Sons makes $400,000 net profit. Charles H. Steinway’s policies of offering new cheap pianos and reducing prices for the most expensive ones, have led to … Continue reading

October 27, 1904

First underground railway line opens in New York City, operated by August Belmont, Jr.’s Interborough Rapid Transit Company – almost 14 years after the idea for it was first made public by William Steinway.

February 3, 1904

New York Times publishes Charles H. Steinway’s statement referring to his late uncle William Steinway’s possessions, that the “appreciation of properties may result in a valuation of $1,000,000”. In the article Charles H. Steinway also provides details of what specific parts … Continue reading

February 2, 1904

William Steinway’s Gramercy Park house is sold; William’s daughter Paula von Bernuth, who, apart from her own children, is still caring for her father’s children from the second marriage, moves to an apartment uptown.

1903

Organ manufacturer Votey, pianomakers Weber, Steck, Wheelock and Styvesant, and phonograph-making company Vocalion form a music instrument manufacturing syndicate “Aeolian Company”. Their key product is E.S. Votey’s automatic piano mechanism Pianola, invented a few years earlier and endorsed by Ignacy Jan Paderewski since 1901. Six years … Continue reading

1902

Steinway & Sons introduces its Model O, a small, low-cost grand piano designed by Henry L. Ziegler. Steinway & Sons vice-president Frederick T. Steinway despises the Model O, seeing it as his company’s capitulation to cheap piano trade. (Nowadays, used … Continue reading

1901

Steinway & Sons makes $500,000 net profit. Concerned that the moisture from Bowery Bay results in prolonged drying of wood, varnish and glue in the original Astoria factory on Riker Avenue, Steinway & Sons trustees decide to buy a piece of … Continue reading

Early March, 1901

Ottilie Steinway Recknagel wins her suit against Steinway & Sons. The Brooklyn Supreme Court orders Steinway & Sons to pay the ex-wife of late George A. Steinway $134,000, promised to her by her deceased ex-husband’s late father, William Steinway.

1900

For the first time in its history, Steinway & Sons signs a contract with an advertising agency, N.W. Ayer & Son. According to the agency, a piano is not something one would buy very often, and the existing Steinway & … Continue reading

April 7, 1900

The Music Trade Review publishes the article about the unique social problem of the 14th Street / Union Square Park area of Manhattan: infestation by “cheap actors”. The article quotes Steinway & Sons’ president Charles H. Steinway, who mentions a … Continue reading

Early 1900s

Steinway & Sons trustees decide to start putting certain percentage of the yearly profits to the accounts called “Undivided profit” and “Sinking fund”. (In the course of the first decade of the new century, every year $70,000 to $250,000 will … Continue reading

1899

Charles H. Steinway orders the reduction of Steinway & Sons piano prices. The price of a big concert grand is decreased from $1,800 to $1,400, by one fifth. By comparison, the price for a Steinway & Sons parlor grand is … Continue reading

1896 – 1899

As the United States begin to recover from the economic depression, the piano market expands, and Steinway & Sons sales begin to improve. In three years, Steinway & Sons goes from near-bankruptcy to $420,000 profit.

May 26, 1898

Town Topics – a New York gossip newspaper – publishes an article questioning William Steinway’s reputation: “discoveries made since his death have shattered the reputation of a New Yorker who had posed for years as a millionaire, patron of the … Continue reading

May 20, 1898

New York Times publishes the Steinway family statement, signed by Charles H. Steinway and Louis von Bernuth, refuting the rumors of Steinway & Sons’ inability to pay its debts.   

April 5, 1898

The surrogate court conducts the official appraisal of late William Steinway’s estate. The value of William Steinway’s shares in Steinway & Sons is estimated at $1,200,000, the total of his property valued at about $1,450,000 – against $2,000,000 in creditor claims.

March 1898

George W. Cotterill, William Steinway’s former attorney, bills Steinway family $153,000 for five years of legal services, instantly becoming Steinway & Sons’ largest creditor. Having found out about the bill from George Cotterill, Charles Steinway pledges to resign as president … Continue reading

1897

The United States and Steinway & Sons begin to pull out of the economic depression. New inventions – “player piano”, cinema and ragtime – boost piano sales. George A. Steinway resigns from the Board of Trustees of Steinway & Sons, … Continue reading

July 30, 1897

Charles Steinway writes to his brother Frederick from London: “Selling the company is the family’s last an only chance to avoid the dread calamity of the collapse of the estate and the consequent scandal on the name Steinway”.

Summer 1897

Charles and Frederick Steinway and Henry L. Ziegler, desperate to keep the company functional and unable to raise the necessary capital, decide to sell Steinway & Sons to an anonymous English syndicate for $6,000,000. They plan to remain with the company as … Continue reading

March 8, 1897

Henry L. Ziegler receives the German patent #90,821, to “Pianino With Isolated Pin Block; plate with backwardly-extending lugs overlapping top portion of main frame and suspended pin block”.

1896

Hamburg Steinway Pianofabrik has manufactured 730 pianos a year. (This number will be tripled by 1913). Steinway & Sons revenues are about 5.5 % of the output of the entire music industry of the United States. 

        – Steinway … Continue reading

December 23, 1896

Minutes of the Board of Trustees, dated with this day, indicate that Charles H. Steinway has decided to pay himself a large bonus, but was immediately prevented from doing so by Frederick T. Steinway and Henry L. Ziegler.

December 1896

Charles H. Steinway becomes the president of Steinway & Sons. His brother Frederick keeps his post of a vice-president, and Henry L. Ziegler remains in charge of research and development.

November 29, 1896

On the evening before his death, William Steinway speaks to his family: “Must I really die?” A doctor injects him with strychnine, used as a tonic to stimulate the nervous system. The injection brings hallucinations, but doesn’t save the patient.

October 3, 1896

William Steinway’s diary: “Daimler cabled in afternoon “Levassor les troi premier prix hurrah Daimler” The Daimler Motor Comp. draws heavily on me, has a very fine exhibit at the Fair of the American Institute Madison Square Garden. My son Theodore took … Continue reading

July 8, 1896

Opera management partnership Abbey, Schoeffel & Grau, contracted by Metropolitan Opera, files for bankruptcy. William Steinway assumes the function of the Reorganization Committee chairman, to save New York from being left without opera. William Steinway invests nearly $50,000 into this season’s … Continue reading

April 24, 1896

William Steinway’s diary: “H. Kammerer makes typewritten Copy of complaint agt Grotrian” –  this is the first time Henrietta Kammerer is mentioned as performing secretarial functions to William Steinway. She is probably the first woman to ever be employed by Steinway & … Continue reading

May 21, 1896

Frederick T. Steinway writes to William Steinway: “My dear Uncle William, This morning while passing through Steinway Hall I had occasion to look at Mr. Koven’s slate and found the remarkable amount $164,833.35 jotted down against you. I deem it … Continue reading

March 18, 1896

William Steinway’s diary: “I have serious apprehensions as to monetary outlook and curse the Daimler Motor Company for draining me of money and resolve to stop it.” Even though this diary entry clearly indicates William Steinway’s decision to close Daimler … Continue reading

1895

By this year, the United States Post Office acknowledges “Steinway” as an independent village in Astoria, population 7,000. Notwithstanding the increased interest in horseless carriages after Daimler’s Paris-Bordeaux race victory, Daimler Motor Company in New York continues to lose money. … Continue reading

July 2, 1895

North Beach amusement park is lit for the first time with electricity from William Steinway’s power plant. All the hotels, saloons, waterways, rides and walkways are lit by hundreds of electric lights. (It’s hardly a coincidence that nowadays the Con Edison power plant, … Continue reading

October 14, 1894

William Steinway’s diary: “The last week’s record was the grandest for Steinway +Sons since its business existence they having shipped and delivered no less than 117 new Steinway pianos, viz. 44 grands and 73 uprights.”

May 13, 1894

William Steinway’s diary: “Yesterday Alex Williams told me Harbuckle realized the fact that he, in case he prevailed in the will suit, would give me the full control of the business and was wild over it.”

May 4, 1894

William Steinway’s diary: “Newspaper ad had the Notice that I was elected Member of the Royal St. Cecilia Academy, Rome, Italy. A beautiful members diploma also arrives”.

March 24, 1894

William Steinway discovers that his son Theodore suffers from stutter. (This affliction will most likely contribute to future Steinway & Sons’ president’s reclusiveness, as well as to his interest to amateur theater, as a form of therapy.)

March 1, 1894

William Steinway’s diary: “In afternoon R.T. McCabe calls, we discuss R.R. Matters and Bridge across Blackwells Island, but do not touch upon the bond affair.” Almost exactly twenty years since the first time the matter of the Blackwell Island bridge … Continue reading

February 21, 1894

William Steinway’s diary: “Business is still wretched, barely one half of our ordinary trade doing, and so it is all over the United States and Canada, our Hamburg and London business are doing much better.”

1893

By the end of the year Steinway & Sons’ inventory consists of a full year’s worth of unsold pianos. Notwithstanding the lack of sales, Steinway & Sons declares the 10 % dividend, and the stockholders receive another $200,000. The company’s … Continue reading

August 19, 1893

William Steinway’s diary: “Drive through Central Park via 92d str. to “Steinway” view new power house, Iron roof trusses up. Via Shore road to Mansion, then to Picnic of St+S. employees, am received with immense enthusiasm.” This is his first foray to … Continue reading

June 10, 1893

Henry W.T. Steinway sues Steinway & Sons for “acts transcending the expressed or implied powers of a corporation”. More specifically, Henry W.T. claims that Steinway & Sons has operated as an illegal bank, in addition to being a piano company, and that … Continue reading

May 8, 1893

Henry W.T. Steinway sues the estate of C.F. Theodor Steinweg, claiming that his uncle’s will is invalid. (Henry W.T. will initially win his case against his uncle’s estate in New York Supreme Court, but the decision will be appealed by the … Continue reading

May 4, 1893

Ignacy Jan Paderewski suffers nervous breakdown after being repeatedly assaulted by groups of female fans, and promises to shoot himself before he plays piano again. Failure of the National Cordage Company of New Jersey, marking the beginning of the financial panic … Continue reading

May 3, 1893

Ignacy Jan Paderewski plays a Steinway & Sons grand piano at the opening of the Columbian Exposition, accompanied by Theodore Thomas orchestra. Steinway & Sons gets more public exposure without even exhibiting any pianos, than any piano manufacturer participating in … Continue reading

May 2, 1893

New York Times publishes the text of the Columbian Fair’s officials’ resolution: “the Council of Administration of the World’s Columbian Exhibition held a meeting… It was determined that pending a final decision in the matter Paderewski should be permitted to use his … Continue reading

April 26, 1893

Ignacy Jan Paderewski, invited to play at the opening concerts of the Columbian Exhibition by its musical director Theodore Thomas, is prohibited by the exhibition officials to play Steinway & Sons piano, because it’s not exhibited at the fair.

March 6, 1893

William Steinway’s diary: “Cable despatch from my wife’s griefstricken father, Richd Ranft, Dresden. Funeral from my house, Pastor Krusi speaks in the Parlor, at noon only members of family admitted. I suffer dreadfully on hearing his voice. Remains taken to family … Continue reading

February 14, 1893

After the meeting of Piano Manufacturers of New York (in Steinway Hall), 15 other eastern pianomaking companies withdraw from the Columbian Exposition: Decker Brothers, Weber, George Steck, Mathushek & Son, Hazleton Brothers, Lindeman & Sons etc.

Early 1893

William Steinway donates $25,000 to the Chicago organizers of the Columbian Exposition – the world trade fair, dedicated to 400 of discovery of America. In recognition of the donation, William Steinway receives a testimonial dinner and a tour of the … Continue reading

1892 – 1893

Ignacy Jan Paderewski’s second tour in America is a phenomenal success, not only for the pianist, but also for Steinway & Sons. This time Charles Tretbar and his Concert and Artists department treat maestro in style: Paderewski travels, accompanied by … Continue reading

1892

William Steinway expands Daimler Motor Company, increasing its capital to $100,000 and erecting new buildings. He supervises the adjustment of heating, plumbing, and lighting after the structure is completed. William Steinway declares $200,000 dividend for Steinway & Sons shareholders, of … Continue reading

December 28, 1892

Explosion in the Manhattan-Long Island tunnel, built by New York & Long Island Railroad Company (controlled by vice-president William Steinway and president George Ehret). Five people are dead and dozens injured with flying shards of glass and rock.

September 15, 1892

William Steinway’s diary: “Get off important letters and cables “Steinway New York, Had charming interview with Rubinstein yesterday, is in splendid health, will never come to America. Perused Harbuckles absurd complaint, glad matters will be brought to issue W.St.” 

June 22, 1892

William Steinway’s diary: “2,000 Marks for Kaiserin Augusta Church, in addition to 20,000. Marks for Kaiser Wilhelm Church sent a few days ago.” The goal of these donations is to secure a meeting with the Kaiser.

April 19, 1892

William Steinway’s diary: “H. W. T. St. with expert Treuholm start on books of 1890.” Henry W.T. Steinway and his accountant Treuholm will continue to inspect Steinway & sons books for several days.

March 28, 1892

William Steinway’s diary: “Settlement with Paderewski, who behaves most nobly, giving even our porters $100. He invests $22,000 in Steinway Railway Company bonds, and takes $40,706 in drafts on Paris, and $4500 cash.” Paderewski’s total earnings are $67,206, and Steinway & Sons … Continue reading

February 12, 1892

In France, inventor Léon Guillaume Bouly patents a device that allows to photograph motion. He names the device “Cynématographe Léon Bouly”. Unbeknownst to any member of Steinway family, the invention will indirectly lead to a major increase in sales of Steinway … Continue reading

1891

Made redundant by the superior new Music Hall, Steinway Hall gradually turns into a final finish area, where Steinway & Sons workers regulate and polish the pianos before selling and shipping them. The catalog of Daimler Motor Company, dated with … Continue reading

December 31, 1891

Henry W.T. Steinway sends his resignation: “Dear Sir: Wishing to withdraw from active participation in our business, I herewith tender my resignation, to take effect after this date. Respectfully, H.W.T. Steinway.” Henry W.T. Steinway requests permission to keep his desk … Continue reading

November 21, 1891

“Music and Drama” (currently edited by Harry Freund, who doesn’t share his brother John C. Freund’s chip-on-the-shoulder attitude to Steinway & Sons), publishes an article praising Paderewski’s first performance in New York: “It must be admitted that if this Paganini … Continue reading

November 17, 1891

Ignacy Jan Paderewski’s first performance in America, in the new Music Hall (future Carnegie Hall). Walter Damrosch conducts New York Philharmonic Orchestra. William Steinway’s diary: “Paderewski’s first concert at Music Hall, grand success, he is a most wonderful player.”

November 12, 1891

Ignacy Jan Paderewski meets William Steinway. William Steinway’s diary: “Paderewski tries our grands, he is an immense player.” Paderewski, via his secretary, informs Charles Tretbar that he will not stay in Union Square Hotel another hour. William Steinway orders to … Continue reading

July 11, 1891

William Steinway’s diary: “We are again having much trouble with H.W.T. Steinway, who has written me an insolent letter, and it becomes more and more apparent that we shall soon have to discharge him entirely from our employ.”

April 6, 1891

Annual meeting of stockholders records the distribution of Steinway & Sons shares: William Steinway holds 6,000 shares; Charles H. and Frederick T. hold 1,350 shares each, and Henry W.T. owns 1,000 shares.

March 23, 1891

Frank Chickering dies. Daniel Mayer arrives to New York Steinway Hall and insists that William Steinway brings Paderewski to America, threatening otherwise to bring the pianist on tour under Erard.

March 13, 1891

William Steinway cables Daniel Mayer: “Deeply regret cannot take Paderewski this year. Hope to make arrangement for the Chicago Exhibition year [1893].” This telegram either hasn’t reached Daniel Mayer, or has motivated him to immediate action (see the entry of … Continue reading

February 28, 1891

The trustees of Steinway & Sons call Henry W.T. Steinway to appear before their assembly again: he has not only refused to provide the cost calculations, but has actually destroyed them! During the meeting, Henry W.T. explains that he has destroyed the calculations … Continue reading

February 11, 1891

William Steinway’s diary: “Have a hard tussle with Henry W. T. St. and tell him that he will instantly be suspended and discharged if he is again ungentlemanly and uses foul language”.

Early 1891

William Steinway’s son George A. Steinway resigns from all his positions in his father’s businesses “for health reasons”, replaced by Louis von Bernuth, William Steinway’s son-in-law. This marks William Steinway’s giving up on his son as the inheritor of his crown. George … Continue reading

1890

Steinway & Sons builds its last five square pianos. A new Steinway Village church opens on Albert Street (named after late Albert Steinway). Steinway & Sons trustees decide to close Steinway Hall in the near future, and to donate its … Continue reading

December 26, 1890

New York Times publishes William Steinway’s plan for New York’s revolutionary future public transportation system – the underground railway: “This system consists, said Mr. Steinway, of a lofty tunnel, from 50 to 100 feet below the surface of the earth, clear of … Continue reading

July 12, 1890

William Steinway’s diary: “Agent Mayer wants us to take up pianists I.J. Paderewski, a Pole, and Wasily Sapellnikoff, a Russian from Odessa.” This takes place during William Steinway’s stay in London, and Daniel Mayer mentioned here is not only a prominent concert manager, … Continue reading

January 4, 1890

William Steinway’s diary: “Poor little Hegner does not draw at all, improvises at Ambergs Theatre before an empty house.” This diary entry indicates William Steinway’s rare mistake in choosing a musical representative for Steinway & Sons pianos: young Otto Hegner apparently lacks superstar … Continue reading

1889

Steinway & Sons opens “a special department for the designing and manufacture of pianos in period and art cases, to harmonize with any plan of architecture or decoration”.

October 2, 1889

William Steinway’s diary: “Trustees of Steinway Church and ladies at house of Wm. H. Williams, virtually decide to sell Church property and erect new Church at cor. Ditmars Ave & Albert street for which we will donate 100 x 100 feet of ground. Old Church property to be sold … Continue reading

March 29, 1889

William Steinway’s diary: “In forenoon receive cablegram from A. v. Holwede at Braunschweig “Cannot take shares along Koch Reidemeister say Will is not legal in Germany letters follow left for Hamburg” My many years anticipation of trouble have therefore proved … Continue reading

February 2, 1889

The first directors’ meeting of the Daimler Motor Company – a firm, organized by William Steinway, to build internal combustion engines according to Gottlieb Daimler patents, as well as motorboats and motor carriages.

January 20, 1889

William Steinway’s diary: ” Theodore […] favors sale to Syndicate at 250.” Steinway & Sons is on the verge of division. (C.F. Theodor Steinweg’s sudden death less than two month later will save the company from falling apart.)

January 2, 1889

An anonymous English financial syndicate makes an offer, via New York’s Judge Brady, to buy Steinway & Sons. (It is probable that C.F. Theodor Steinweg has initiated this action, as a result of Steinway & Sons’ failure to absorb Hamburg Pianofabrik.)

1888

Steinway Pianofabrik in Hamburg builds about 550 pianos a year, making a profit of roughly $50 per piano. This is approximately one third of American per-piano profit of Steinway & Sons. The police force in Queens has remained on Steinway … Continue reading

August 22, 1888

William Steinway’s diary: ” Have a long talk with Daimler in presence of Harry Candidus”. As a result of this “long talk”, William Steinway secures the North American rights to all Daimler’s existing and future patents.

August 3, 1888

William Steinway’s diary: “Recd from Maybach the following 5 U. S. Patents granted to Gottlieb Daimler of Canstatt: No 334.109 Jan 12/86 Motor engines “ 349.983 Sept 28/86 “ “ “ 355.594 Jan 4/87 Apparatus Petrolore Verdunstung (Impregnating air with hydrocarbon vapors) “ 361.931 April 26/87 Explosive … Continue reading

July 10, 1888

Charles and Frederick Steinway, in a rare display of unity with their brother Henry W.T., oppose William Steinway’s proposal for Steinway & Sons to raise capital and buy Steinway Pianofabrik.

April 3, 1888

William Steinway’s diary: “Cabled to Europe (London) to secure boy Hegner for us”. The “boy Hegner” mentioned here is the young virtuoso pianist Otto Hegner, whose performance in New York two years later will be a fiasco.

1887

The “Alma Tadema Piano” returns to New York in 1887, to its commissioner Henry Marquand, art collector and 2nd President of the New York Metropolitian Museum of Art.

October 4, 1887

William Steinway’s diary: “I take supper at L.K. and after a short session of the departing Board of Trustees, the Generalversamlung commences. I am unanimously elected (by acclamation) President of the Society”.  

August 31, 1887

In a letter dated with this day, William Steinway informs his brother C.F. Theodor Steinweg that Henry W.T. Steinway accuses them of financial machinations: cheating Steinway & Sons shareholders through the company’s transactions with Steinway Pianofabrik in Hamburg for personal … Continue reading

1886

William Steinway builds a firehouse in Astoria, and equips it with possibly the best steam engine and hook-and-ladder carriage in New York.  William Steinway begins correspondence with Gottlieb Daimler (a pioneer in internal combustion engines and automobile development) of Cannstatt, Germany. William … Continue reading

June 19, 1886

Bowery Bay Beach officially opens. It’s the first ever modern amusement park in the United States – eleven years before Steeplechase Park of George Tilyou at Coney Island (1897).

April 30, 1886

William Steinway and brewer George Ehret form the Bowery Bay Improvement Company, whose purpose is to create a “pleasure ground” on Bowery Bay Beach. The establishment will offer restaurants, carousels, shooting galleries and boat rides. Both partners will share the … Continue reading

1885

Steinway & Sons’ inventory book dated with this year shows several pianos as “loaned” at zero dollars value. Franz Liszt has been lent Steinway # 49,382. Richard Wagner was the recipient of Steinway # 34,304 and physicist Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand … Continue reading

October 16, 1885

William Steinway visits the White House, and meets with Secretary Manning, and later on the same day, with the United States President Grover Cleveland. Subject: the nomination of David B. Hill for governor of New York.

May 30, 1885

Having discovered that W.H. Maxwell, a man in charge of London Steinway Hall, had taken out a music license in his own name, preparing to launch his own pianomaking business, William Steinway fires Maxwell.

May 4, 1885

William Steinway’s diary: “H. W. T. St. refusing to act as one of the Trustees, unwilling to promise that he would abide by the majority.” (Judging by this diary entry, William Steinway’s unruly nephew Henry W.T. is out of control.)

March 31, 1885

C.F. Theodor Steinweg receives the United States patent #314,740, to “treble bell for grand piano”, #314,741, to “anti-friction trap work to prevent creaking noise from pedals”, and #314,742, to “case construction and double cupola plate for grand piano”.

1884

William Steinway installs a telephone line between Astoria plant, Fourth Avenue factory and Steinway Hall. By this year, approximately 500 of Steinway & Sons’ 1,000 employees work in Astoria. “Alma Tadema Piano” goes to London for inlay and paintings by … Continue reading

September 1, 1884

Yet another “Letter to Our Dealers and Agents” from William Steinway (the original one is dated by August 15, 1878), recommending ebonized cherry-wood veneer. In the letter, William Steinway argues that cherry veneer, with its small pores, is “absolutely imprevious … Continue reading

May 14–15, 1884

The height of financial panic, as described in New York Times: “the wildest panic that Wall Street had known for fifteen years was under full headway, both outside and inside the Exchange building.”

1883

Steinway & Sons achieves record earnings of $314,379, notwithstanding the deep economic recession. George A. Steinway, William Steinway’s son, begins to work at Steinway & Sons factory. Steinway & Sons catalogue, dated with this year, contains words, written by William … Continue reading

July 7, 1883

The relentless “Music and Drama” publishes yet another report: “The policy of the house, when William Steinway directed its affairs, was liberal, enterprising and fair-minded. Of late it has become illiberal, mean, unjust, oppressive and monololistic under the managemenrt of … Continue reading

January 14, 1883

William Steinway’s diary: “I am almost stupefied with horror on receiving at 11 A.M. the following cablegram from Braunschweig “After fife days stomach cramps died Johanne this night, Theodore Steinway”.

January 13, 1883

John C. Freund’s new publication, “Music and Drama”, prints a false article, aiming to undermine the notion of Steinway family having achieved their success without any outside help: “August Belmont lent Mr. William Steinway $100,000 during December 1859 and March … Continue reading

October 18, 1882

William Steinway’s diary: “meet Weber, Haines and Henry Behr, who all say that will not employ one of our men. See Fuller of Detective Agency, arrange two detectives to be employed from tomorrow”.

January 12, 1882

William Steinway learns that ex-wife Regina Roos has died of typhoid fever at Nancy, France. William Steinway’s diary: “Home in eve’g, inform George and Paula, who take the news quite composedly.”

1881

Steinway & Sons builds over 2,600 pianos – the largest yearly number on instruments since the launch of the company. Steinway & Sons surplus is almost half a million dollars.

October 3, 1881

George A. Steinway, becomes a student of the Columbia School of Mines (the best engineering school in New York) – a clear indication that his father plans for him the career at the engineering department of the family business.

1880

Henry L. Ziegler, son of Doretta Steinway, age 23, officially begins to work for Steinway & Sons (unofficially, for the previous several years, as a teenager, he has spent a lot of time participating in his uncles William and C.F. … Continue reading

November 29, 1880

Steinway Pianofabrik, in Hamburg, at Schanzenstrasse 20-24, opens. William Steinway receives a telegram from his brother C.F. Theodor: “Sendung fertiger pianos aufhören Briefe Näheres firma heute proclamirt Steinways Pianofabrik Hamburg mit Inhaber Steinweg gen. Steinway”. (“Cease shipment of finished pianos. Details … Continue reading

October 26, 1880

C.F. Theodor Steinweg receives the United States patent #233,710, to “laminated soundboard bridge constructed of alternating layers of hardwood (e.g. maple) and softwood (e.g. pine)”, and the reissue Re.9,431 of his patent #127,383.

October 5, 1880

C.F. Theodor Steinweg receives the United States patent #232,857, to “key-frame bed constructed of narrow, longitudinal wooden strips to prevent the bed from acting as a sounding board”.

September 25, 1880

L.W. Porter factory at Leominster, Massachusetts, burns to the ground, a few months after the beginning of its construction (as reported by Charles H. Steinway to the board of trustees). William Steinway decides not to rebuild the factory and abandons the idea of moving … Continue reading

August 24, 1880

C.F. Theodor Steinweg receives the United States patent #231,629, to “hammer having compressing-ligature extending transversely through the wider portion of the felt body and tightly strained”, and #231,630, to “felt-covered hammer head having hardened portion below the nose”.

June 23, 1880

William Steinway receives a telegram from his brother C.F. Theodor, “Gemiethet Pollack Naehmaschinenfabrik Ersten September” (“Renting Polack’s sewing machine factory on September 1st”).

May 6, 1880

William Steinway’s diary: “At 630. AM by rail to Leominster, inspect our factory property, splendid water power, leave memorandum for building purposes, see Hale’s factory.” This is the first indication that William Steinway intends to rebuild the piano plant at … Continue reading

March 29, 1880

Steinway & Sons factory re-opens. Celebrating their victory, several thousand pianomakers of New York, led by a band playing “Hail, Columbia”, march to Steinway & Sons’ Fourth Avenue factory. At the gates they are greeted by C.F. Theodor Steinweg, who gives … Continue reading

March 24, 1880

William Steinway gives his nephew Henry W.T. a check to the amount of $8,489.90, and sends him to Leominster, Massachusetts, to finish the factory purchase transaction with L.W. Porter.

March 21, 1880

New York Times reports that Napoleon J. Haines, a builder medium-priced pianos, president of Dime Savings Bank, and the vice-president of the “United Piano Manufacturers”, deserts the organization, makes a deal with his workers and allows them to return to … Continue reading

February 14, 1880

The varnishers don’t return to work. William Steinway places “help wanted” advertisement for varnishers in the New York Sun, Herald and Staats-Zeitung, and telegraphs to Steinway & Sons dealers in Boston, Baltimore and Philadelphia to advertise for varnishers in those … Continue reading

1879

Starting this year, Steinway & Sons’ piano case manufacturing moves to Astoria. The four-story casemaking plant contains almost 60,000 square feet of space. Next to the casemaking plant, there’s a powerhouse, with four steam engines generating 3,000 horsepowers; and next … Continue reading

September 11, 1879

A half-day strike at Steinway & Sons factory. William Steinway’s diary: “After lengthy conversation I agree to allow them an average advance of 10 pr. ct. to be at once deducted again if the trade cannot stand it.”

September 9, 1879

Christian Friedrich Theodore Cassebeer, son of Julia Ziegler by her second marriage to Henry Cassebeer, and Doretta Steinway’s grandson, is born. He will grow up to become the factory manager and Frederick T. Steinway’s right-hand man.

March 13, 1879

William Steinway’s diary: “trouble with Kroeger yesterday and this A.M. who expected his full salary of $6000 though I only allowed him $5500.” After William Steinway refuses to restore Kroeger’s salary to $6,000, Kroeger gives him one month’s notice. William asks … Continue reading

March 1879

The national economy begins to recover after five and a half years of depression. During the depression, Steinway & Sons factory hasn’t closed, and all it’s six hundred men have worked practically every day. Notwithstanding the price cuts, the earnings … Continue reading

February 23, 1879

Steinway-Weber piano movers battle in the Westminster Hotel in Philadelphia. English opera impresario Colonel James Henry Mapleson has brought his troupe to Philadelphia. William Steinway ordered to place a Steinway & Sons grand piano to the bedroom of every member of the … Continue reading

1878

Steinway & Sons begins to make a model A, a 7-octave, 6-foot long parlor grand – the beginning of the new Steinway & Sons strategy to offer less expensive, high quality instruments, in addition to their high-end pianos. In London, … Continue reading

October 8, 1878

William Steinway’s diary: “in eveg to Liederkranz, have a meeting of Trustees first, then Generalversammlung, I am elected unanimously by acclamation President, Julius Hoffmann first Vice pres. & Chas. E. Wendt second Vice Pres.”

July 6, 1878

William Steinway’s diary: “Stetson & Tretbar to Astoria with me with 4.40 P.M. boat via 23d street, we drive to Astoria Organ factory and try the tone and action of the first Organ which appears all right.”

July 2, 1878

C.F. Theodor Steinweg receives the United States patent “Des. 10,740”, to “grand piano case design”, “Des.10,742”, to “upright piano case design”, and #205,696, to “repetition hammer-butt to produce continuous escapement for upright pianos”. William Steinway’s diary: “I look at Organ … Continue reading

June 21, 1878

Jacob Decker, one of the Decker brothers, visits William Steinway at Steinway Hall. William Steinway shows Jacob Decker several pianos by various manufacturers that infringe Steinway & Sons’ patents, and then mentions that one of Decker’s own pianos also infringe … Continue reading

June 10, 1878

William Steinway’s diary: “at noon with Tretbar to Germania Bank, introduce him, he signs Astoria Organ Co. C. F. Tretbar, Treasurer. […] At 3 ½ P.M. with Theo. to Van Santvoord, talk over proposed Trademark with a lyre and also patenting designs … Continue reading

June 2, 1878

William Steinway’s diary: “Geo. H. Smith comes to store. He, I, Stetson & Tretbar talk over our intended Parlor Organ factory & agree to visit Astoria this afternoon. After lunch George, Tretbar, Stetson & I after stopping at Windsor Hotel for … Continue reading

May 29, 1878

William Steinway’s diary: “Talk with Geo. H. Smith in relation to Parlor Organ Factory”. (This is the first time the idea of opening an organ-making shop is mentioned in any of Steinway & Sons documents.)

May 21, 1878

C.F. Theodor Steinweg receives the United States patent # 204,106 to the “grand piano case construction” (rim bending process). Later he will also patent the rim bending machine. According to C.F. Theodor’s patents, the outer and inner rims are bent separately, and then … Continue reading

March 11, 1878

William Steinway’s diary: “Kleinfelder calls at Webers Warerooms. See’s the Uprights they offer him small Upright No. 12168 at $390 containing infringements. Calls at Hale’s where they will not show him any pianos. “

March 7, 1878

William Steinway’s diary: “Theodore examines the Weber piano, pronounces the Action and connecting of the bridges on Soundboard an infringement our two patents of 1869-1866 No. of Weber Upright piano 10297.”

February 28, 1878

New York Post Office accuses William Steinway of opening Joseph P. Hale’s mail, addressed to Stanley & Sons. William Steinway immediately contacts the Manhattan postmaster Mr. Gaylor, and persuades him that the charges are erroneous. The  Post Office doesn’t drop … Continue reading

January 30, 1878

Another stranger, named Muldoon, visits William Steinway, offering facts against Joseph P. Hale, and expressing the assumption that William has financed The Music Trade Review and receives dividends from it. William Steinway suspects (correctly) that the new visitor is a … Continue reading

January 17, 1878

New York Tribune informs its readers that the Centennial Commission Executive Committee has summoned Albert Weber to Philadelphia, where the Committee has changed the text of his report back to its original form. (It was William Steinway who has initiated that action, helped … Continue reading

1877

Steinway & Sons donates money for building a two-story brick school for 500 – 1,000 students at Steinway village in Astoria. The government of Long Island City has provided two teachers, Steinway & Sons hires the third teacher (of German … Continue reading

September 23, 1877

William Steinway’s diary: “I had quite a dispute with Henry St. about his action with Kroeger, who called in the forenoon, to tell me that he desired an Agency in some large City, work being too hard for him.”

September 8, 1877

William Steinway signs the contract with W.H. Maxwell, who receives a few dozen Steinway & Sons pianos, and 5,000 English pounds of Steinway & Sons capital. Thus, William Steinway has officially bought Anglo-Continental Pianoforte, Limited from Maxwell, and replaced it with … Continue reading

August 18, 1877

Charles Tretbar sails for Europe, to solicit signatures from Centenial judges: Emil Levasseur, the noted political economist and geographer, and Sir William Thomson, the renowned mathematician and physicist (later known as Lord Kelvin).

August 7, 1877

William Steinway’s diary: “drive with Henry St to New York, give both Kroeger and Friedrichs a severe reprimand for persistently making more Upright pianos than I order.” (It’s possible that Kroeger and Friedrichs have been influenced by C.F. Teodor Steinweg’s … Continue reading

July 26, 1877

William Steinway’s diary: “Mr. Ernest Hall calls, brings me figures signed by Bristow I give him $250. for legal services. […] Vandyke called early, tell him that Hall brought Bristow’s figures & Certificates […] letter from Prof. Watson, which states that he will … Continue reading

June 26, 1877

William Steinway’s diary: “Mr. Ernest Hall 261 Bdway Room 38. calls on me on behalf of Geo. W. Bristow, saying that the latter will do all he can to undo the falsehoods of Weber.”

June 13, 1877

Herbert Van Dyke informs William Steinway that Centennial judge George Bristow has told him that the judges’ signatures on Weber’s report are fake, and that he, Bristow, has always wanted to present Steinway & Sons with the top prize.

May 16, 1877

Funeral service for Albert Steinway takes place in Steinway Hall. During the funeral, William Steinway and his nephew Henry W.T. Steinway ride together in the first carriage. Despite the ongoing “piano war”, Albert Weber sends a beautiful flower arrangement for Albert … Continue reading

May 14, 1877

Albert Steinway dies of typhoid fever, at 9:27 A.M. Evening Telegram mistakenly publishes notice of William Steinway’s death. Two Sun reporters visit his house to confirm the rumors, and find William Steinway devastated by the loss of his brother, but … Continue reading

May 8, 1877

Albert Steinway receives the United States patent #190,639, to the “mechanism for disengaging the action from the keys to produce a silent keyboard”. This is Albert Steinway’s last patent.

April 17, 1877

Ideological conflict between William Steinway and his older brother C.F. Theodor Steinweg reaches its apex. C.F. Theodor Steinweg writes to William Steinway on that day: “We should be guided by only one principle: cheap, cheap, cheap and fabricate simply so … Continue reading

January 9, 1877

William Steinway’s diary: “I am then elected President of the Liederkranz Society unanimously by acclamation for the year 1877. Assume the chair, say a few words which are well received.”

January 7, 1877

Without consulting with his brother William, Albert Steinway cuts the salary of the factory manager Henry Kroeger from six thousand to five thousand dollars a year. To pacify the irate Kroeger, William pays him $500 out of his own pocket.

1876

By this year C.F. Teodor Steinweg has developed the iron-carbon-manganese-sulphur alloy for piano frames. That alloy has contributed to Steinway & Sons success at Machinery Hall of the Centennial Exhibition. Steinway & Sons donates a grand piano to Franz Liszt … Continue reading

November 14, 1876

Annette Essipoff’s first performance at Steinway Hall. William Steinway’s diary: “In evening with children at Steinway Hall. Essipoff concert, she makes a glorious success […] My dear old Mother is there, enjoying the performance very much. All Musicians and pianomakers … Continue reading

September 21, 1876

The negotiations regarding Annette Essipoff’s tour are successful: she will come to play Steinway & Sons piano in America. Arthur von Holwede, Steinway & Sons chief tuner, will personally supervise her piano during the tour.

September 13, 1876

William Steinway’s diary: “Wertheimber comes in, asks us to guarantee Essipoff’s salary of 100.000 francs and $5000 Dollars for his work. Albert is unwilling to do so, so I telegraph to Theodore “Wertheimer demands Guaranteeing Essipoff’s Salary 100.000 francs 100 Concerts 5000 … Continue reading

September 8, 1876

Private detective Hogan, initially the investigator for William Steinway’s divorce, goes to Philadelphia to pick up letters obtained by Friedrich Boscovitz that detail the accusations, made by Commissioner Donaldson.

September 7, 1876

George Cook of the Schoninger Organ Company reappears. William Steinway’s diary: “find Albert home he tells me that Cook informed him that Commissioner Donaldson of Idaho had moved to withhold the Medal from us charging corruption & fraud &c &c.”

September 5, 1876

Frank Chickering visits William Steinway at Steinway Hall. William Steinway’s diary: “he admits after an explanation, that he innocently infringed upon our Patents viz. the accoustic Dowels and the projecting Piers, promises to render us a statement within one week, … Continue reading

September 4, 1876

William Steinway receives a letter from Frank Chickering, in which Chickering states that he doesn’t see any infringement of Steinway & Sons patents in his pianos. William Steinway immediately dispatches his agent James Hempsted to Frank Chickering with the infringed … Continue reading

August 23, 1876

Steinway & Sons’ agent Philip Kompff buys a Chickering piano, expecting to discover Steinway & Sons patent infringement. William Steinway’s diary: “Chickering Upright No 48.611 at $390. a hasty examination reveals the fact that, our accoustic Dowel Patent, our Cupola, … Continue reading

August 19, 1876

The entire workforce of Steinway & Son (approximately 1,100 people) visits Philadelphia for the Centennial Exhibition. Having taken a steamer across the Hudson River to Jersey City, and from there two chartered trains to Philadelphia, the workers, upon arrival to … Continue reading

August 16, 1876

Albert Weber publishes an advertisement in New York Times (the first in the long series), quoting the Centennial exhibition report he wrote himself (even though the Centennial judges have significantly altered Weber’s report, Weber prints his original version). On the same day … Continue reading

August 1, 1876

C.F. Theodor Steinweg receives the United States patent #180,671, to “soundboard bind bar”. William Steinway meets with the Centennial judge General Oliver. William Steinway’s diary: “I hurry and meet the old gentleman, with whom I have a pleasant conversation. He begs … Continue reading

July 19, 1876

New York Herald publishes the letter, composed by William Steinway with participation of Charles Tretbar and John C. Freund. In his letter, William Steinway states that the accusations of bribery, “one and all, are as absurd as they are untrue.” In the same … Continue reading

June 26, 1876

William Steinway is back again in Philadelphia, where, after being prepared by Julius Schiedmayer, he meets Henry K. Oliver at the Judges Hall, and discusses with him the details of “Kupka-Bristow borrowing affair”. William Steinway’s diary: “Schiedmayer gives me $500 … Continue reading

June 22, 1876

Having returned to New York from Philadelphia, William Steinway finds out that Centennial judge George Bristow showed to an advertising agent Simon D. Phelps the confidential judges’ reports (probably unaware that Phelps has sometimes worked for Steinway & Sons).

June 11, 1876

William Steinway’s diary: “Theodor & I in eve’g draw up report for Schiedmayer for our pianos.” This diary entry indicates with clarity that Steinway & Sons’ “judge’s report” – the real award of the Centennial Exhibition – hasn’t been written … Continue reading

June 9, 1876

William Steinway gives $1000 to pianist Friedrich Boscovitz (who will later “lend” that money to Centennial judge F.P. Kupka) and then visits Charles P. Kimball, Centennial Commissioner of New York State. William Steinway’s diary: “He will do all he can for us.”

June 7, 1876

The judging begins at the Centennial Exhibition. William Steinway’s diary: “Depart with the 7:30 A.M. train, arrive Philadelphia at 10 A.M. Yesterday all the pianos were moved to Judge’s Hall, but General Oliver being sick trial postponed to this morning, … Continue reading

May 24, 1876

William Steinway, accompanied by many relatives, arrives to Philadelphia for the Centennial Exhibition. In the course of the next six month, William Steinway and a great number of Steinway & Sons employees and agents will travel back and forth, often … Continue reading

May 17, 1876

After 23 years of manufacturing pianos, Steinway & Sons transforms from a partnership into a corporation. William Steinway’s diary: “see Cotterill, from whom I receive the certificate from Secretary of State that we are an incorporated Company”.

May 10, 1876

The United States President Ulysses S. Grant declares Philadelphia’s Centennial Exhibition open. An orchestra of 150 performers and a chorus of nearly a thousand singers, conducted by Theodore Thomas, perform G.F. Handel’s “Hallelujah”. The Centennial Exhibition catalogue lists pianos as … Continue reading

May 1, 1876

Steinway & Sons confidential circular, dated with this day, mentions a prestigious rosewood case, added to the cheapest Steinway & Sons’ Style 1 square piano. In the same circular, William Steinway writes to dealers and agents: “We have just forwarded … Continue reading

February 3, 1876

The real protective society is finally formed, after three days of debates. Lowell Mason, the co-founder of Mason & Hamlin, Boston organmaking firm, becomes the president of the new society, and William Steinway and Frank Chickering become its co-vice-presidents.

1875

Henry L. Ziegler, age 18, begins his apprenticeship at Steinway & Sons. Joseph P. Hale, Steinway & Sons’ least scrupulous competitor, adds extra 160,000 square feet to his already existing 8-story building that occupies an entire city block in Manhattan … Continue reading

December 25, 1875

William Steinway’s diary: “In forenoon at Store trying the two Centennial grands. They are immense though somewhat different. No 33.449 in Walnut, French pitch being soft and No 33610 Rose-wood, high Pitch being brilliant”.

November 30, 1875

C.F. Theodor Steinweg receives the United States patent #170,645, to the “adjustable capstan for grand piano action”, #170,646, to “capo tasto agraffe for grand piano”, and #170,647, to “cast iron frame for centennial grand piano”.

November 15, 1875

William Steinway’s diary: “with wife to the opening of Chickering Hall, Von Bulow playing splendidly. Acoustics good. Hall very neat, entrance narrow and steps. Am at delmonico’s with wife… Chickering there too.”

October 6, 1875

William Steinway’s diary: “the new extra large Concert grand is in playable condition and seems to be of wonderfully large tone”. This is the first time William Steinway mentions the legendary Centennial Grand in his diary.

July 19, 1875

William Steinway meets with W. H. Maxwell (according to other accounts, the correct name of that gentlemen is actually William M. Yandell Maxwell). Maxwell persuades William Steinway to let him sell Steinway & Sons pianos through Anglo-Continental Pianoforte, Limited in London, … Continue reading

May 15, 1875

Albert Steinway receives the United States patent #164,052, to “sostenuto mechanism of 156,388 adapted for grand pianos”, #164,053, to “sostenuto mechanism of 156,388 adapted for upright pianos”, and #164,054, to “sostenuto mechanism of 156,388 adapted for square pianos”.

March 31, 1875

William Steinway’s diary: “Albert to Albany to push our 4th Avenue Bridge matter & see Depew and Wenzel.” This is the first time William Steinway has mentioned the Fourth Avenue Bridge (a.k.a. Blackwell Island Bridge) in his diary. He plans to build a … Continue reading

1874

Steinway & Sons catalogue includes the statement that “every portion of their pianos is made in their own factory, and every iron frame is cast in their own factory, under the direct supervision of Messrs. Steinway”. C.F. Theodor Steinweg makes … Continue reading

1873

Steinway & Sons industrial complex in Astoria has expanded, already including a sawmill, iron and brass foundries, and metal works. The local main street is now called “Steinway Avenue”. A private telegraph connects Steinway & Sons factory in Astoria not … Continue reading

November 28, 1873

William Steinway arranges a mortgage on the factory, to the amount of $100,000 in cash, with Equitable Life Insurance. Steinway & Sons now has some money to pay workers, even though not enough for the years of depression ahead.

November 19, 1873

Sales at Steinway & Sons are non-existent, during what under normal circumstances would be the busiest time of the year. Steinway brothers William, C.F. Theodor and Albert decide to cut factory wages, to a great protest from workers

November 2, 1873

Upon the closing of the Vienna Exposition, its organizers issue the statement, signed by all fourteen of the musical instrument jurors of the Vienna Exposition: “We regret that the celebrated inaugurators of the new system in piano-making, Messrs. Steinway & Sons, of … Continue reading

May 24, 1873

Anton Rubinstein’s last morning in America. William Steinway’s diary: “Call on Rubinstein at 8 1/2 A.M., give him all his documents and obtain a little certificate from him.” Rubinstein’s “certificate”, registering his experience of Steinway & Sons pianos is brief, … Continue reading

May 1, 1873

The opening of Weltausstellung 1873 Wien (Vienna Exposition). In the absence of Steinway & Sons pianos, C.F. Theodor Steinweg makes himself an “exhibit” at the Vienna Exhibition. Three of the Exhibition judges have served in that capacity also during the Paris … Continue reading

1872

William Steinway intensifies the promotion of upright pianos, giving them more space in the Steinway & Sons catalogue. The favorite is the “boudoir piano” a 3-foot, 10-inch upright “with a new detachable front portion, the action, keyboard, legs and feet … Continue reading

October 13, 1872

Willaim Steinway’s diary: “Made arrangements yesterday with G. S. Roberts, E.M. Professor at Columbia College, to give Instruction to Henry Steinway Tuesday & Friday from 4-6 PM at $4. each time, in engineering +c.+c.”

September 27, 1872

An unexpected editorial appears in New York Times, under seemingly positive headline “Fresh Air in Public Halls”: “Steinway Hall is particularly unfortunate in this respect… The atmopsphere there… during the Rubinstein concert was simply murderous. Several people had to leave … Continue reading

September 24, 1872

New York Times reports: “The highest expectations of Mr. Rubinstein’s admirers were not disappointed, and the enthusiasm his performances awakened quite dwarfed by its demonstration the proportions of an already very flattering welcome. More remarkable piano playing than Mr. Rubinstein’s … Continue reading

September 23, 1872

Anton Rubinstein performs in Steinway Hall for the first time. His musical support team, organized by Maurice Strakosch, includes violinist Henri Wieniawski; Mlle. Louise Liebhart, “the most popular soprano of the leading London concerts” and Mlle. Louise Ormeny, “a favorite contralto from … Continue reading

August 22, 1872

William Steinway’s diary: “Go to farm with Reck, Albert. We give Henry Steinway a good talking to.”. This is the first documented evidence of trouble between William Steinway and his nephew Henry William Theodore.

August 2, 1872

Henry William Theodore Steinway, the eldest son of Charles Steinway, comes to live with his uncle William at Steinway Mansion in Astoria, with the purpose of helping William Steinway, who is suffering from severe rheumatism in both knees.

July 12, 1872

Maurice Grau delivers to William a revised Rubinstein contract. Rubinstein is to receive $200 per concert for 200 concerts. According to the contract, on his American tour Rubinstein will be protected form “savage Indians” and will not be obligated to … Continue reading

June 25, 1872

William Steinway diary: “Long letter from Theodore containing copy contract with Rubinstein, also notice for draft from Theodore for $13.190.68/100 ” (It may be unrelated transfer of funds or an additional amount paid to Rubinstein or his agent, or the payment … Continue reading

June 12, 1872

William Steinway’s diary: “Receive the following telegram from Theodore dated Munich yesterday “Took 12,000 Dollars Rubinstein commences September 25th Bulow next year certain.”

June 3, 1872

William Steinway’s diary: “Payday. Our men are informed that our dealers have refused to pay any more for our pianos.” Workers’ committee informs William Steinway of the employees’ counter-proposal: not either 10% pay raise or nine-hour work day, but both. William … Continue reading

June 1, 1872

“United Piano Manufacturers” (the bosses) meet and resolve to stay united against the eight-our workday demand, but leave to each manufacturer’s discretion the question of the pay raise and piano price increase.

May 28, 1872

The committee of Steinway & Sons workers visit Albert Steinway (who is in charge of the factory), demanding 8-hour workday and 20% pay increase. C.F. Theodor Steinweg receives the United States patent # 127,383 to the ” cupola plate construction for grand piano”, … Continue reading

May 23, 1872

William Steinway’s diary: “Agitation among pianomakers commences for the eight hour system. Meeting at 2 P.M. of the Men, our Shop not being represented. A com. of 16 attempts to get into our factory but are refused admittance.”

May 14, 1872

C.F. Theodor Steinweg receives the United States patent # 126,848 to the “duplex agraffe scale for grand piano”. Even though Steinway & Sons pianos have already been known for their bright, sparkling tone, C.F. Theodor Steinweg has figured out how to further … Continue reading

May 13, 1872

In New York, city-wide strikes for eight-our workday begin, at first among the carpenters, then stonemasons and other construction workers. Soon the strike will spread to include Steinway & Sons workers.

March 13, 1872

William Steinway’s diary: “during the day Strakosch urges me to try and get Rubinstein for him.” A Strakosch mentioned here is Maurice Strakosch, an American musician and impresario of Czech origin.

1871

Steinway & Sons sells 2,553 pianos. Steinway & Sons’ new piano model, the plane case “school” piano, becomes a great success. The company receives many orders for it from educational and public institutions. The demand for Steinway & Sons pianos … Continue reading

June 9, 1871

Herman Helmholtz, the chairman of acoustics department at the University of Berlin, writes a letter to C.F. Theodor Steinweg, expressing gratitude for “the superb grand”. Helmholtz had chosen a Steinway & Sons piano for his experiments and lectures in acoustics. In the … Continue reading

1870

C.F. Theodor Steinweg and Albert Steinway become co-owners of real estate property, previously owned only by Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg and his son William.

October 13, 1870

Steinway & Sons’ confidential circular informs all Steinway dealers that Theodore Thomas and his Grand Orchestra begin their Concert Tour in Boston and follow with performances in the larger cities of the United States, accompanied by celebrated pianist Anna Mehlig. … Continue reading

June 12, 1870

William and Albert Steinway take a second trip on their yacht “Mozart” – to the same area where they were moored a week ago. This time it’s a reconnaissance expedition, to explore Astoria’s possible real estate investment potential.

June 6, 1870

William and Albert Steinway take their steam yacht “Mozart” for a ride around Manhattan for the first time. The would-be navigators sail into a cloud of thick fog, and run their yacht aground in Astoria, opposite Manhattan’s 86th street. They use … Continue reading

December 14, 1869

C.F. Theodor Steinweg receives the United States patent # 97,982 to “improved one-piece cast iron plate assembly of 55,385 adapted for grand piano in which a continuous soundboard bridge is extended in an unbroken curve from the treble to the bass-end”.

August 5, 1869

William Steinway meets in Buffalo, New York with a local attorney, named Grover Cleveland, whose job is to handle William Steinway’s mother-in-law estate. That attorney will eventually become President of the United States, and will be the only person to … Continue reading

August 24, 1868

William Steinway’s diary: “Visit Warerooms & factory. breakfast at Mangeots. At 4 P.M leave for Strasburg Arrive at 7 P.M. Stop at Hotel Paris at room No 70.Saunter out in eve. go to Bed at 10 P.M.”

August 18, 1868

C.F. Theodor Steinweg receives the United States patent # 81,306 to “metallic action-frame secured directly to the pin block in “an upright or other piano- forte” and composed of metallic hangers provided with holes to receive the metal traverses”: “By these … Continue reading

1867

Steinway & Sons sales increase this year by over 400 pianos, mainly because every visitor of Steinway Hall passes through the Steinway & Sons piano showroom on the way to a concert or public lecture.

October 3, 1867

New York Times publishes a positive review of De Meyer’s concert in Steinway Hall. However, the audience of the aging pianist quickly decreases, and soon Steinway & Sons will discontinue its sponsorship of the pianist. The company’s first attempt of attracting … Continue reading

Summer 1867

At the Paris Universal Exposition, C.F. Theodor Steinweg lectures daily on the specifics of the improvements brought by Steinway & Sons to the art of piano design, gives demonstrations (using special apparatus) of physical forces, affecting the piano strings and … Continue reading

July 11, 1867

(or, by an alternative account, July 3) – Steinway & Sons receives the First Grand Gold Medal for American pianos. Additionally, “Société Nationale des Beaux Arts” of Paris awards to Steinway & Sons its grand testimonial medal “For greatest superiority and … Continue reading

1866

Making more pianos than any other pianomaker in America, Steinway & Sons has become the largest piano manufacturer in the United States, as large as the second (Chickering & Sons, of Boston) and third (William Knabe & Company, of Baltimore) largest piano … Continue reading

December 13, 1866

Paula Steinway, William Steinway’s daughter, is born. Decades later, she will play the mother role for William Steinway’s children, including his youngest son Theodore Edwin Steinway, the future 4th president of Steinway & Sons.

January 9, 1866

William Steinway’s diary: “Generalversammlung of the Liederkranz […] very full attendance. am elected 1st Visepresident F. Heyne 2d Vicepres. Ottendorfer President.” Judging by William Steinway’s diary, this is the first time he assumes a leading role in this important German cultural … Continue reading

1865

Albert Steinway and C.F. Theodor Steinweg become partners in Steinway & Sons. Albert Steinway becomes the head all the manufacturing operations. His duties include not only managing the 420 workers and controlling the expansion of the factories, but also finding … Continue reading

September 1865

C.F. Theodor Steinweg sells his business to three men: Franz Wilhelm Grotrian, Adolph Helfferich and H.D.W. Schulz, giving them permission to operate the business under the trademark  “C.F. Th. Steinweg Nachf.” (Nachf. is an abbreviation for Nachfolger which is German for successor). According to the agreement, … Continue reading

April 28, 1865

William Steinway writes a long letter to his brother C.F. Theodor Steinweg, asking him to come to America, and offering equal share in the future profits of the firm, without any monetary investment from C.F. Theodor.

April 9, 1865

General Lee and his army surrenders to the U.S. Army, thus effectively ending the Civil War in the United States (even though local conflicts will continue till November, and President Andrew Jackson will write the proclamation of the end of war only … Continue reading

March 31, 1865

Charles Steinway dies in Braunschweig of typhoid fever in C.F. Theodor Steinweg’s house, at the age of 36. (Having recovered from his ear and chest pains, he decided to visit Germany’s largest cities before returning home. While on that trip, Charles Steinway has … Continue reading

January 20, 1865

William Steinway’s diary: “Tretbar assumes his position with us”. Charles F. Tretbar, a Braunschweig-born son of Steinway family friends (according to an alternative account, William Steinway has hired Tretbar from the Steinway agent in Canada, Nordheimer & Company), will become one of the … Continue reading

1855 – 1865

C.F. Theodor builds small upright pianos, known in America as “boudoir pianos”. To describe the instrument, C.F. Theodor has coined a term “pianino”. Through these years, over and over again, he proposes that the family sell his “pianinos” in America. C.F. … Continue reading

July 2, 1864

William Steinway’s diary: “Theodor & wife & Charles & wife with Charles & Ziegler eldest boys leave for Europe in the steamer “Hansa”. (The goal of Charles Steinway’s trip: search of cure for his chronic ear infection and inflamed throat. … Continue reading

May 13, 1864

Theodore Vogel, the husband of Wilhelmina Steinway, and the factory casework superintendent, dies suddenly of “inflammatory rheumatism”, three days after helping William Steinway during the inauguration of the new Steinway & Sons showroom.

May 11, 1864

New York Times reports from the new Steinway & Sons showroom inauguration ceremony: “The Messrs. Steinway, who yesterday commemorated the opening of an additional wing to their factory, and of a new and magnificent marble wareroom in East Fourteenth-street, are … Continue reading

March 14, 1864

The strike begins. In an unprecedented move, even though only Steinway & Sons and Decker Brothers’ workers are on strike, the “United Piano Manufacturers” lock out all the piano manufacturing workers citywide and close their factories – a bold attempt … Continue reading

February 26, 1864

William Steinway’s diary: “We commence to move various things from our old store to the new one.” – this is the first indication of the completion of the construction of the new Steinway & Sons showroom.

February 25, 1864

Having been refused the additional 10%, the “Pianomakers Union” calls for a new strike, and for 25% raise. This time the union decides that the strike should be selective, targeting only two companies: Steinway & Sons, as the piano manufacturing industry leader, … Continue reading

1863

Steinway & Sons builds 1,623 pianos. Steinway & Sons employs 400 workers. C.F. Theodor Steinweg persuades virtuoso pianist Hans von Bulow to play a Steinway & Sons grand piano publicly at a concert of the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde. Hans von … Continue reading

October 1, 1863

The former “United Pianoforte Makers” (a.k.a. “German Pianomakers Society”), now known as “Pianomakers Union”, calls a strike. By now the union has expanded to about 3,000 members, and its official language is English. William Steinway joins six more men at Ittner’s … Continue reading

July 20, 1863

William Steinway’s diary: “the Irish masons come to work on our factory wing, commencing to carry up wall on first floor, our building on 14th street beams laid first floor and walls nearly up to lay second tie”.

July 17, 1863

William Steinway’s diary: “Reported quiet all over the City Mass meeting in front of Archbishop Hughes Residence cor Mad. Ave. and 36th street. He speaks to them to desist from further riotous proceedings after which the crowd peacably disperse. We work … Continue reading

July 15, 1863

William Steinway’s diary:  “fighting on 2d Ave near 21st street, the 7th and 71st Regts arrive in the City more fighting on 2d & 1st Aves Stores broken into and plundered. Citizens organizing for defending private property, patrolling all night, burning of an Irish shanty near … Continue reading

July 14, 1863

The riot continues. The mob attacks and murders black New Yorkers at random, beating, shooting, hanging, and even burning some of them alive. William Steinway’s diary: “Early in the morning the trouble recommences, Soldiers with Cannon marching down third Ave. … Continue reading

1862

Steinway & Sons builds its first upright piano. By this year Steinway & Sons has received thirty-five awards from various exhibitions. C.F. Theodor Steinweg requests financial help from his New York family. Without delay, his father and brothers send money, … Continue reading

Spring 1862

To Steinways’ disappointment, at the London Exhibition the medal for best piano – “for excellence in every kind of piano power and quality of tone, precision of mechanism and solidity” – is awarded to the English manufacturer Broadwood. Steinway & Sons pianos, … Continue reading

April 8, 1862

Henry Steinway, Jr. receives the United States patent #34,910, to “construction of repetition mechanism which is independent of the jack so as to give both of them greater freedom and positiveness and certainty of action and imparting a better “touch” … Continue reading

March 15, 1862

William Steinway stops the steamer “City of New York” before it sails out, to get two more pianos on board for London. Henry Steinway, Jr. also gets on board and sails to London with the pianos.

December 12, 1861

William Steinway and his father Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg, on their trip to Boston, visit Colonel Thomas Edward Chicklering’s wareroom, and the owner not only invites them to visit the factory, but also serves as their tour guide.

October 11, 1861

Wilhelm Grotrian, son of Friedrich Grotrian and the heir to his share in C.F. Theodor Steinweg’s business, files a court complaint, claiming C.F. Theodor Steinweg insolvent. (During the subsequent court proceedings it will become clear that C.F. Theodor Steinweg has … Continue reading

May 1861

Charles Steinway’s 5th Regiment of New York Militia participates in the occupation of Arlington Heights, Virginia. Fearing that Charles Steinway might die in a battle, and his share of the partnership would be inherited by his wife, Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg … Continue reading

May 21, 1861

Henry Steinway, Jr. receives the United States patent #32,386, to “arrangement of the repetition lever and the jack in combination with hammer-butt and key to allow escape of the jack with minimal friction and facilitate repetition”, and also the United … Continue reading

April 30, 1861

Steinway & Sons’ new partnership agreement, signed three months before Albert Steinway turns twenty one, states that in case of Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg’s death or retirement, “Albert Steinweg shall be accepted as his successor by the other three or any … Continue reading

April 23, 1861

William Steinway marries Regina Roos, 17-year-old daughter of Jacob Roos, owner of real estate and breweries in Buffalo, NY, and in Canada. Wedding takes place in Roos’ home in Buffalo. William’s father Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg and sister Anna are the … Continue reading

April 20, 1861

The first entry in William Steinway’s diary: “Philharmonic Concert. Liederkranz performs Walpurgis night, Wm. sings tenor solo.” This diary will become one of the most important documents of Steinway & Sons history.

April 14, 1861

Fort Sumter in South Carolina has fallen. Twenty-one-year-old Albert Steinway sails down to Baltimore with the Seventh Regiment of New York Militia, whose task is to protect Washington, D.C. from rebel forces.

1860

By this year, in less than 4 years the net worth of Steinway & Sons has increased fifteen times from $24,000 to over $360,000, and the annual output of pianos has risen almost 700%. Steinways have accomplished this with neither outside … Continue reading

Fall 1860

C.F. Theodor Steinweg moves from Wolfenbeuttel to much larger Braunschweig, having bought a house, and mortgaging it for 14,000 thalers. He establishes a workshop in a former mayor’s mansion at 48 Bohlweg Strasse in the inner, medieval part of the … Continue reading

September 4, 1860

Sunday Times reports of the new Steinway & Sons factory opening: “Messrs. Steinway & Sons Pianos rapidly won fame for durability, and combined brilliance and softness of tone, assimilating delightfully to the human voice.”

April 1, 1860

The new Steinway & Sons factory on Fourth Avenue begins to manufacture pianos (even though the family postpones the official opening till the end of summer). The factory building is designed in “modern Italian style”, taking up an entire city block, 5 … Continue reading

1859

Steinway & Sons exceeds the yearly production of 1,000 pianos, second in numbers only to Chickering & Sons factory. The 91 Mercer factory is expanded to include 87, 89, 90 and 109 Mercer Street. The key-making department of Steinway moves … Continue reading

April 16, 1859

New York Tribune reports that the owners of Steinway & Sons have fired several of their workers for joining the “United Pianoforte Makers” organization. This action triggers the labor conflict that will become the permanent characteristic of the firm’s condition … Continue reading

March 26, 1859

Virtuoso pianist Sebastian Bach Mills debuts in America with a performance in Niblo’s Garden theater on Broadway, accompanied by New York Philharmonic Orchestra. Mills plays a Steinway & Sons grand piano.

Early 1859

“United Pianoforte Makers” union is formed, but during the meetings the members speak only German, so it’s quickly renamed “German Pianomakers’ Society”. Probably because of the language barrier, merely 250 out of 1,200 Manhattan piano industry workers join the union. This … Continue reading

1858

Steinway & Sons builds 712 pianos. Steinway & Sons employs 100 workers. Steinway & Sons expends its showrooms to include 82 Walker Street. In Germany, C.F. Theodor Steinweg has sold by this time about 25 pianos since the launch of … Continue reading

June 15, 1858

Henry Steinway, Jr. receives the United States patent #20,595 to “action for grand or square piano providing instantaneous return of the jack to its notch in the hammer-butt to enable improved quick repetition as compared to the invention described in … Continue reading

April 7, 1858

In Germany, C.F. Theodor Steinweg and Georg Friedrich Karl Grotrian sign a partnership contract. According to their agreement, C.F. Theodor Steinweg may not stop working without Grotrian’s permission, and Grotrian is not only entitled to one-third of C.F. Theodor Steinweg’s profits, … Continue reading

1857

Steinway & Sons makes 400 pianos this year (or 413, by the alternative accounts), notwithstanding the severe economic depression in the United States. By the end of this year the value of Steinway & Sons assets is estimated at $75,000, … Continue reading

May 5, 1857

Henry Steinway, Jr. receives the United States patent #17,238 to the improved piano action: “I obtain a more free and easy movement of the action in repeating […] and also obtain the effect only produced in the complicated Erard grand action”. (This … Continue reading

1856

Steinway & Sons builds 256 pianos (other accounts indicate the sale of 208 pianos per year).  Steinway & Sons pianomaking workshop moves from 85 Varick Street to the building directly behind it, at 91 Mercer Street. 85 Varick Street will … Continue reading

1853 – 1856

Steinway & Sons offers over a dozen piano models – of different diapasons (6 1/4 octaves, 6 3/4 octaves, 7 octaves, and 7 1/4 octaves); different scale designs (“common scale”, “sweep-scale”, and “overstrung”); and different case styles (“very plain”, “plain”, … Continue reading

1855

Steinway & Sons builds 112 pianos. About 1/3 of them use the “sweep-scale”, invented by Frederick Mathushek. Steinway & Sons employs 30 workers (by other accounts, 55). Thomas H. Chambers, the owner of a piano store at 385 Broadway, receives 24 Steinway … Continue reading

March 1855

Steinway & Sons’ pianos, based on Frederick Matushek’s sweep-scale system, win the First Prize of the Metropolitan Mechanics Institute Exhibition, “for best two- and three-stringed pianos”, at Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. It’s the first time the company exhibits its pianos in the United … Continue reading

1854

The Steinways hire 5 workers, rent premises at 88 Walker Street, and paint “Steinway Pianos” in large stenciled letters on the side of the building.  Steinway & Sons builds 49 pianos (according to other accounts, 74).

June 30, 1854

Charles Steinway is the first of his family to become an American citizen. Charles’ witness at the citizenship ceremony is George Bacon, the co-founder of the Bacon & Raven piano factory.

June 15, 1854

Names of the cellist and conductor Carl Bergmann, harpist Thomas Aptommas, as well as American composers George F. Bristow and William Henry Fry appear in New York Times advertisements of Steinway & Sons pianos.

1853

New 5-story Chickering & Sons factory opens in Boston, reputed to be the second-largest building in America (after the Capitol Building in Washington, D.C.). The factory houses 5,000 workers and can build 2,000 pianos per year. Steinway & Sons builds … Continue reading

Fall 1853

Julius Blüthner opens a piano factory in Leipzig – becoming, together with Steinway & Sons and Carl Bechstein, a third major piano manufacturer who launched business in 1853 to compete for dominance over European piano market in the near future.

March 5, 1853

Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg and his sons Karl and Heinrich, Jr., while celebrating Wilhelm Steinweg’s 18th birthday, agree to launch their own pianomaking company under the anglicized name of “Steinway & Sons”, with the total monetary investment of $6,000.

December 1852

Chickering & Sons piano factory in Boston burns to the ground. The total monetary loss is $250,000. Without any delay, Jonas Chickering begins to rebuild the factory. It is possible that the Steinwegs have recognized this disaster as an opportunity to … Continue reading

1852

In Germany, Christian Friedrich Theodor Steinweg marries Johanna Ludemann. American pianomaker of German origin Albert Weber launches his piano manufacturing operation in New York. Weber’s enterprise will grow to become one of the key competitors of Steinway & Sons.

1851

(according to the family tree published online by Smithsonian Institution, not confirmed) – Hermann Steinweg dies. A New York City directory lists “Henry Steinweg, Piano Manufacturer, 199 Hester St”.

1850

Jonas Chickering’s piano manufacturing business, “Chickering & Sons”, is at the pinnacle of its success. Chickering & Sons factory in Boston, the leader  of piano manufacturing in Western hemisphere, builds 25 pianos per week (1,300 per year). Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg begins to work at … Continue reading

Summer 1850

Steinweg family rents a house at 199 Hester Street, slightly north of Canal Street and west of Bowery Street, in the mostly-Irish neighborhood, hosting New York’s most notable pianomaking enterprises – Abraham Bassford, Bacon & Raven, Francis Bonnean, Lighte, Newton & Bradbury, Stebbins and … Continue reading

June 29, 1850

Steinweg family arrives in New York. (Instead of the planned two weeks, their sea voyage has been only a day short of six weeks: “Helena Sloman” had to stop in England for repairs.)

May 19, 1850

In Hamburg, fifty-three-year old Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg, his forty-six-year old wife Julianne, and their children Doretta (22), Heinrich (19), Minna (17), Wilhelm (15), Hermann (12), Albert (9) and Anna (7) board the three-mast propellor steamer “Helena Sloman”, sharing the steerage with … Continue reading

January 10, 1850

In Germany, Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg sells his house, workshop, garden and adjacent grounds to Jacobson Institute (a.k.a. Jacobson Hochschule) for 2,460 thalers, and reports to Braunschweig police of his intention to emigrate to North America in the spring.

June 11, 1849

20-year-old “instrumentenmacher” Karl Steinweg arrives to New York on the bark “England’s Queen”, after 45 days of sea voyage from Bremen, and settles in New York as a carpenter.

1848

Chain of local revolutions in Germany, widely known as “the German Revolution”. The revolutions don’t accomplish their political goals, but worsen the economic conditions in the German states. According to Steinway family legend, freedom-loving Karl Steinweg takes part in the … Continue reading

August 1839

Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg presents three pianos at the state trade exhibition, hosted by the Aegis church in Braunschweig. Heinrch’s son, fourteen-year-old Christian Friedrich Theodor Steinweg participates in the exhibition, playing all three pianos. One of the pianos earns a gold medal “for … Continue reading

1837

Alpheus Babcock, the inventor of the metal piano frame, moves from Philadelphia to Boston, and begins to work for Jonas Chickering, whose piano factory, “Chickering & Sons”, almost immediately begins to build metal frame pianos.

1836

Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg builds the piano that is nowadays loaned to the Metropolitan Museum of Arts. Steinway & Sons’ future emblem of the lyre already serves as the decorative pedal holder of this piano.

1835

By that year, Herinrich Engelhard Steinweg’s transformation from a cabinetmaker to a pianomaker (and occasional organ-maker and repairman) is complete, and the nameplate “H. Steinweg, Instrumentenmacher, Seesen” decorates every piano he builds at the rate of at least one or … Continue reading

1833

Wilhelmina (“Minna”) Steinweg is born. Eight years after Alpheus Babcock’s patent, another Philadelphian pianomaker, Conrad Meyer, invents a different type of iron frame for piano.

1830s

Following the steps of Jean-Henri Pape, many American pianomakers experiment with overstringing in square pianos. It will take twenty-odd years until the best way to overstring square pianos is finally perfected by Henry Steinway, Jr.

1828

In Paris, French pianomaker of German origin, Jean-Henri Pape (Johann Heinrich Pape) places bass strings diagonally over the treble strings in his small upright pianos, thereby inventing “overstringing”. In 1850s the Steinway family will successfully apply this idea to square … Continue reading

November 6, 1825

Christian Friedrich Theodor (“Theo”) Steinweg is born, and the happy new father Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg begins to build a second piano, for the future musical education of his son.    

1825

Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg, despite his modest social circumstances and lack of possessions, marries Julianne Thiemer, a daughter of a rich Seesen glove-maker. Shortly before the wedding, Heinrich’s Jewish friend Karl Brand, a son of a local cantor, shows Heinrich a musical … Continue reading

December 17, 1825

In Philadelphia, American pianomaker Alpheus Babcock patents a one-piece iron plate for a square piano. His invention allows to use thicker, heavier strings at a higher tension, resulting in a richer, stronger, longer-sustained piano tone, and also improving piano’s ability … Continue reading

1821

In Paris, French instrument-maker of German origin Sébastien Érard (Sébastien Erhard) invents the “double-escapement” action: as the action propels the hammer toward the string, the hammer is ready to be thrown again, while the key is still coming up. Forty years later, on May … Continue reading

1818

(or, by some accounts, June 23, 1822) – Having declined the promotion to sergeant, Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg receives honorable discharge from the army, and decides to open a cabinet-making business in a town of Goslar. However, before setting up his own shop, he … Continue reading

1815

A model soldier, Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg receives a silver medal for bugling during the Battle of Waterloo. At a different time during his service, he leaps from a bridge to capture an escaped prisoner, and then personally delivers that prisoner to the … Continue reading

1812 – 1815

Without family and home, Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg supports himself through hard labor, until he enlists as a bugler in the army of Duke of Braunschweig, fighting against Napoleon.

June 5, 1812

Fifteen-year-old Heinrch Engelhard Steinweg, his father and three older brothers (who have recently returned from war), and also two hired laborers, caught in a forest by a hurricane and thunderstorm, seek shelter in a hut made of tree bark. A bolt of lightning strikes … Continue reading

1806

Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg’s father and older brothers join the Prussian army shortly before the battalions of Napoleon Bonaparte occupy the village of Wolfshagen and confiscate the house and the land of Steinweg family. Heinrich’s mother (with nine-year-old Heinrich and several … Continue reading